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Shloka 26

Nāgendra–Brāhmaṇa Saṃvāda: Praśna-vidhi and Dharmic Approach on the Gomatī Riverbank

तथा च न: श्रुतो ब्रह्मन्‌ कथ्यमानस्त्वयानघ । निष्पाप सूतपुत्र! भगवान्‌ महावराहने जो प्राचीन कालमें पिण्डोंकी उत्पत्ति करके पिण्डदानकी मर्यादा चलायी तथा प्रवृत्ति और निवृत्तिके विषयमें जिस विधिकी जैसी कल्पना की

tathā ca naḥ śruto brahman kathyamānas tvayānagha | niṣpāpa sūtaputra! bhagavān mahāvarāhaḥ yena prācīna-kāle piṇḍānām utpattiṃ kṛtvā piṇḍadānasya maryādāṃ calāyām āsa tathā pravṛtti-nivṛttyoḥ viṣaye yathāvidhi yathākalpanāṃ cakāra tat sarvaṃ tava mukhād asmābhiḥ śrutam | sa tāmaso madhur jātas tadā nārāyaṇājñayā | kaṭhinas tv aparo binduḥ kaiṭabho rājasas tu saḥ ||

Śaunaka nói: “Bạch Bà-la-môn, bậc vô nhiễm! Quả thật chúng tôi đã được nghe từ miệng ngài—hỡi người con sūta không tì vết—mọi điều: rằng Đức Thế Tôn, Đại Varāha, thuở xưa đã làm phát sinh nguồn gốc các piṇḍa và lập nên phép tắc đúng đắn của lễ dâng piṇḍa; lại còn định rõ quy phạm như phải lẽ về con đường nhập thế (pravṛtti) và con đường xuất ly (nivṛtti). Theo mệnh lệnh của Nārāyaṇa, Madhu khi ấy sinh từ nguyên lý tamas; và một giọt khác, cứng rắn, trở thành Kaiṭabha, sinh từ nguyên lý rajas.”

सःhe/that one
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तामसःtamasic (of darkness)
तामसः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतामस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मधुःMadhu (name of an asura)
मधुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमधु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जातःwas born/arose
जातः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
Formक्त (past passive participle used actively), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
नारायणof Nārāyaṇa
नारायण:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनारायण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
आज्ञयाby (his) command
आज्ञया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआज्ञा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
कठिनःhard/harsh
कठिनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकठिन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अपरःthe other/another
अपरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बिन्दुःBindu (name of an asura)
बिन्दुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबिन्दु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कैटभःKaiṭabha (name of an asura)
कैटभः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकैटभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजसःrajasic (of passion)
राजसः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootराजस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुand/but
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
सःhe/that one
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

शौनक उवाच

Ś
Śaunaka
N
Nārāyaṇa
M
Mahāvarāha (Varāha)
M
Madhu
K
Kaiṭabha
P
piṇḍa
P
piṇḍadāna
P
pravṛtti
N
nivṛtti

Educational Q&A

The verse links ethical-religious order to divine ordinance: proper ancestral rites (piṇḍadāna) and the balanced understanding of pravṛtti (duty in the world) and nivṛtti (renunciation) are presented as established by the Lord. It also frames cosmic beings (Madhu and Kaiṭabha) as arising from the guṇas under Nārāyaṇa’s will, implying that even disorderly forces have a place within a divinely governed cosmos.

Śaunaka addresses the narrator (a sūta’s son) and confirms that he has heard the account of the Lord as Mahāvarāha instituting piṇḍa-offerings and explaining pravṛtti and nivṛtti. The verse then continues the cosmogonic thread: by Nārāyaṇa’s command, Madhu is said to be born from tamas, and Kaiṭabha from a hard ‘drop’ associated with rajas.