Shloka 20

Adhyāya 325: Nārada in Śvetadvīpa—Stotra to the Nirguṇa Mahātman

Devanagari script

तत्र ग्रामान्‌ बहून्‌ पश्चन्‌ बचद्धनज्नरससभोजनान्‌ । पल्लीघोषान्‌ समृद्धांश्व बहुगोकुलसंकुलान्‌

Transliteration

tatra grāmān bahūn paśyan baddha-dhānya-rasa-bhojanān | pallī-ghoṣān samṛddhāṁś ca bahu-gokula-saṅkulān ||

Translation

Bhīṣma nói: Ở đó, chàng thấy nhiều làng mạc, đầy đủ thóc lúa tích trữ, nước và các thứ lương thực bổ dưỡng. Chàng cũng thấy những xóm ấp phồn thịnh và các trại bò, chen chúc những cộng đồng mục đồng cùng đàn gia súc đông đúc—dấu hiệu của sinh kế có trật tự và của cải nông thôn được chăm nom chu đáo.

Word by Word

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र

• ग्रामान्: villages
• ग्रामान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ग्राम
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• बहून्: many
• बहून्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• पश्यन्: seeing
• पश्यन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• बहु: much
• बहु: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अन्न: food, grain
• अन्न: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्न
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• रस: drink, juice
• रस: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रस
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• भोजनान्: foods, meals
• भोजनान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भोजन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• पल्ली: hamlets
• पल्ली: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पल्ली
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Plural

• घोषान्: cowherd-settlements, cattle-stations
• घोषान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: घोष
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• समृद्धान्: prosperous
• समृद्धान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समृद्ध
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• बहु: many
• बहु: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• गोकुल: herd of cows, cattle-group
• गोकुल: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोकुल
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• संकुलान्: crowded, filled
• संकुलान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संकुल
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• grāma (villages)
• pallī (hamlets)
• ghoṣa (cowherd settlements/cattle-stations)
• gokula (cowherds’ herds/cattle communities)
• dhānya (grain stores)
• bhojana (food/provisions)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights a dharmic marker of good governance and social stability: villages and pastoral settlements thrive when essentials—grain, water, and food—are secure and abundant, and when cattle wealth is protected and well-managed.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhīṣma describes what is seen on a journey or survey of the land: numerous well-provisioned villages and prosperous hamlets/cattle-stations, densely filled with cowherd communities and herds, indicating a flourishing countryside.