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Shloka 93

नारद–शुक संवादः

Impermanence, Svabhāva, and Śuka’s Resolve for Yoga

नरेन्द्र! अत: सब ओरसे ज्ञान प्राप्त करनेका ही प्रयत्न करना चाहिये। यह तो मैं तुमसे बता ही चुका हूँ कि सभी वर्णोके लोग अपने-अपने आश्रममें रहते हुए ही ज्ञान प्राप्त कर सकते हैं; अतः जो ब्राह्मण ज्ञानमें स्थित है अथवा जो दूसरे वर्णका मनुष्य भी ज्ञाननिष्ठ है

narendra! ataḥ sarva-ore jñāna-prāptiṃ kartum eva prayatnaḥ kartavyaḥ. etat tu mayā tubhyaṃ pūrvam eva kathitam—sarve varṇāḥ sva-svāśrame sthitvā jñānaṃ prāptuṃ śaknuvanti; ataḥ yaḥ brāhmaṇaḥ jñāne sthitaḥ, athavā yaḥ anyavarṇīyaḥ api jñāna-niṣṭhaḥ, tasya nityaṃ mokṣa-prāptiḥ proktā. yat te pṛṣṭaṃ tan mayā copadiṣṭaṃ yāthātathyaṃ; tad viśoko bhavasva. rājan, gacchasva etad-arthasya pāraṃ; samyak proktaṃ; svasti te tv astu nityam.

Hỡi bậc chúa của người đời! Vì thế hãy gắng sức tìm cầu chân tri từ mọi phía. Ta đã nói với ngươi rằng người thuộc mọi giai tầng đều có thể đạt tri thức khi vẫn an trú trong nếp sống (āśrama) của mình; do đó, ai vững lập trong tri thức—dù là Bà-la-môn hay người thuộc giai tầng khác mà kiên định trong minh triết—đều được tuyên rằng giải thoát thường hằng. Điều ngươi hỏi, ta đã chỉ dạy đúng theo thực tại; vậy hãy trở nên không còn sầu khổ. Tâu đại vương, hãy đi và đến bờ bên kia của chân lý này. Ta đã giảng giải trọn vẹn. Hãy đi—nguyện phúc lành bền lâu luôn thuộc về ngươi.

यत्what/that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
तेto you/your
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Formdative/genitive, singular
पृष्टम्asked
पृष्टम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootप्रच्छ्
Formक्त (past passive participle), neuter, nominative/accusative, singular
तत्that (same)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Forminstrumental, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उपदिष्टम्taught/instructed
उपदिष्टम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootउप-√दिश्
Formक्त (past passive participle), neuter, nominative/accusative, singular
याथातथ्यम्as it truly is; in accordance with reality
याथातथ्यम्:
TypeNoun
Rootयाथातथ्य
Formneuter, accusative (adverbial use), singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
विशोकःfree from sorrow
विशोकः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-शोक
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
भवbecome; be
भव:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formलोट् (imperative), 2, singular, परस्मैपद
स्वwell; (as a particle in imperatives)
स्व:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्व
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
गच्छgo; proceed
गच्छ:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formलोट् (imperative), 2, singular, परस्मैपद
एतत्of this
एतत्:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formneuter, genitive (in compound relation), singular
अर्थस्यof the meaning/purport
अर्थस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
पारम्the far shore; the end; the limit
पारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपार
Formneuter, accusative, singular
सम्यक्properly; correctly; fully
सम्यक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्यक्
प्रोक्तम्said; declared; taught
प्रोक्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√वच्
Formक्त (past passive participle), neuter, nominative/accusative, singular
स्वस्तिwell-being; welfare; hail
स्वस्ति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वस्ति
तेto you; for you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Formdative, singular
तुindeed; but
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अस्तुlet it be; may it be
अस्तु:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formलोट् (imperative/benedictive sense), 3, singular, परस्मैपद
नित्यम्always; continually
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

याज़्वल्क्य उवाच

Y
Yājñavalkya
K
King (Narendra/Rājan)

Educational Q&A

Liberating knowledge (jñāna) is the decisive means to mokṣa, and it is accessible to people of all varṇas when they live rightly within their own āśrama; steadfastness in knowledge, not mere social identity, is what is praised as leading to enduring liberation.

Yājñavalkya concludes his instruction to the king: he affirms that he has answered the king’s question truthfully, urges him to become free from grief, and sends him forth with a blessing to internalize the teaching and reach the ‘far shore’ of its meaning.