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Shloka 10

नारद–शुक संवादः (Nārada–Śuka Dialogue): Tyāga, Saṃyama, and Vyakta–Avyakta Viveka

प्राणायामो हि सगुणो निर्गुणं धारयेन्मन: । यद्यदृश्यति मुज्चन्‌ वै प्राणान्‌ मैथिलसत्तम । वाताधिकयं भवत्येव तस्मात्‌ तं न समाचरेत्‌

yājñavalkya uvāca | prāṇāyāmo hi saguṇo nirguṇaṃ dhārayen manaḥ | yadyadṛśyati muñcan vai prāṇān maithilasattama | vātādhikyaṃ bhavaty eva tasmāt taṃ na samācaret |

Yājñavalkya nói: “Prāṇāyāma, khi được thực hành theo lối ‘saguṇa’—tức có một đối tượng quán niệm xác định làm chỗ nương—sẽ giúp an định tâm trong trạng thái ‘nirguṇa’ (vô tướng). Nhưng hỡi bậc tối thượng trong hàng người Maithila, nếu khi hít vào và các giai đoạn khác mà không có nội kiến về vị thần được chỉ định (hay nguyên lý dẫn đạo), rồi lại thở ra các khí mệnh (rechana), thì sự thịnh vượng quá mức của vāta (phong) tất sẽ phát sinh trong thân. Vì vậy, chớ thực hành prāṇāyāma thiếu vắng thiền quán.”

प्राणायामःbreath-control (prāṇāyāma)
प्राणायामः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राणायाम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
सगुणःwith qualities; with (object of) meditation
सगुणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसगुण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निर्गुणम्quality-less; without modifications
निर्गुणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्गुण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धारयेत्should hold/steady
धारयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootधृ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मनःmind
मनः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यत्whatever (that which)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दृश्यतिis seen/appears
दृश्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
मुञ्चन्releasing/letting go
मुञ्चन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootमुच्
FormPresent active participle (Parasmaipada), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
प्राणान्breaths/vital airs
प्राणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मैथिलसत्तमO best of the Mithilā-people
मैथिलसत्तम:
TypeNoun
Rootमैथिलसत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
वाताधिक्यम्excess of wind (vāta)
वाताधिक्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाताधिक्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भवतिarises/becomes
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
एवcertainly/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतस्मात् (तद्)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
तम्that (practice)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
समाचरेत्should practice/undertake
समाचरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-चर्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

याज़्ञवल्क्य उवाच

Y
Yājñavalkya
M
Maithila (addressed person; ‘best of the Maithilas’)
P
prāṇa (vital breath)
V
vāta (wind-humor)

Educational Q&A

Breath-discipline should be joined to focused contemplation (saguṇa support) so that the mind can become steady in the attributeless (nirguṇa) state; doing prāṇāyāma mechanically, without meditative ‘vision’ or proper inner focus, is discouraged because it can cause imbalance (vāta aggravation) and fails to serve its spiritual purpose.

In a didactic exchange within Śānti Parva, the sage Yājñavalkya instructs a Maithila interlocutor on correct yogic method: prāṇāyāma is presented as a means to stabilize the mind, but only when integrated with meditation; otherwise it is portrayed as potentially harmful and spiritually unproductive.