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Shloka 9

नारद–शुक संवादः (Nārada–Śuka Dialogue): Tyāga, Saṃyama, and Vyakta–Avyakta Viveka

धारणं चैव मनस: प्राणायामश्न्‌ पार्थिव । एकाग्रता च मनस: प्राणायामस्तथैव च

yājñavalkya uvāca | dhāraṇaṃ caiva manasaḥ prāṇāyāmaś ca pārthiva | ekāgratā ca manasaḥ prāṇāyāmas tathaiva ca ||

Yājñavalkya nói: “Hỡi đại vương, ‘dhāraṇā’ là sự cố định tâm vào một điểm chốn nhất định. Khi prāṇāyāma (điều tức) được thực hành cùng với sự cố định ấy, thì được xem là prāṇāyāma thuộc saguṇa (có tướng, có chỗ nương). Nhưng khi không nương vào bất kỳ nơi chốn hay đối tượng nào, mà gom tâm vào định vô chủng (nirbīja samādhi), thì đó gọi là prāṇāyāma thuộc nirguṇa (vô tướng, không chỗ nương).”

धारणम्concentration/holding (of the mind)
धारणम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधारण (धृ)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
मनसःof the mind
मनसः:
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
प्राणायामःbreath-control (prāṇāyāma)
प्राणायामः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राणायाम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पार्थिवO king/earth-lord
पार्थिव:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
एकाग्रताone-pointedness
एकाग्रता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootएकाग्रता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मनसःof the mind
मनसः:
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
प्राणायामःbreath-control (prāṇāyāma)
प्राणायामः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राणायाम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पृथ्वीनाथO lord of the earth (king)
पृथ्वीनाथ:
TypeNoun
Rootपृथ्वीनाथ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

याज़्ञवल्क्य उवाच

Y
Yājñavalkya
P
Pārthiva (the king addressed)

Educational Q&A

The verse distinguishes two modes of yogic practice: (1) dhāraṇā—fixing the mind on a specific locus/object—paired with prāṇāyāma as a supported, ‘saguṇa’ discipline; and (2) an unsupported, objectless gathering of the mind into nirbīja samādhi, described as ‘nirguṇa’ prāṇāyāma.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on peace and liberation, the sage Yājñavalkya addresses a king and explains technical distinctions in yogic concentration and breath-discipline, guiding the ruler toward inner mastery rather than outward power.