Shloka 41
Jarā-Mṛtyu-anatikrama: Janaka–Pañcaśikha-saṃvāda
Aging and Death Cannot Be Overstepped
Devanagari script
अव्यक्तं व्यक्तधर्माणं सगुणं निर्गुणं तथा । निर्गुणं प्रथमं दृष्टवा तादृगू भवति मैथिल
Translation
Vasiṣṭha nói: “Hỡi vua xứ Mithilā! Khi con người chứng ngộ Vô hiển (Avyakta—Prakṛti), Hiển lộ (Vyakta—Mahattva v.v.), hữu tính (saguṇa—cõi vật chất mang các guṇa), vô tính (nirguṇa—Tự Ngã), và nhất là trực chứng Đấng Vô tính nguyên sơ—Paramātman—thì chính người ấy cũng trở nên như vậy.”
Word by Word
अव्यक्तम्the unmanifest
अव्यक्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअव्यक्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
व्यक्तधर्माणम्having manifest characteristics
व्यक्तधर्माणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यक्तधर्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सगुणम्with qualities (saguṇa)
सगुणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसगुण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
निर्गुणम्without qualities (nirguṇa)
निर्गुणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्गुण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तथाand also; likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
निर्गुणम्the quality-less (supreme)
निर्गुणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्गुण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रथमम्the first; primordial
प्रथमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen; realizing
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
तादृक्such; of that kind
तादृक्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतादृश्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवतिbecomes
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
मैथिलO Maithila (king of Mithilā)
मैथिल:
TypeNoun
Rootमैथिल
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
वसिष्ठ उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes