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Shloka 42

अव्यक्त-गुण-पुरुषविवेकः | Avyakta, Guṇas, and Discrimination of Puruṣa

मनुष्यत्वाच्च निरयं प्यायेणोपगच्छति । य एवं वेत्ति नित्यं वै निरात्मा55त्मगुणैवत:

manuṣyatvācca nirayaṃ pyāyeṇopagacchati | ya evaṃ vetti nityaṃ vai nirātmātmaguṇair iva ||

Vasiṣṭha nói: “Ngay cả vì mang thân người, người ta cũng có thể sa vào địa ngục do suy đồi đạo hạnh và buông mình theo dục lạc. Nhưng ai luôn hiểu rõ chân lý ấy—thấy thực tại vô ngã (không chấp ngã) như thể mang những ‘tính chất của ngã’—thì vẫn giữ được sự phân biệt và không bị các tính chất ấy cuốn trôi.”

मनुष्यत्वात्from/owing to humanness
मनुष्यत्वात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्यत्व
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
निरयम्hell
निरयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिरय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
आयासेनwith effort; by exertion
आयासेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआयास
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
उपगच्छतिgoes to; reaches
उपगच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootउपगम् (गम्)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यःhe who
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवम्thus; in this way
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
वेत्तिknows
वेत्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
निरात्माone devoid of self (without true self-knowledge)
निरात्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिरात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आत्मगुणैःby the qualities of the self (i.e., by his own qualities)
आत्मगुणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मगुण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
एवonly; just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
ततःtherefore; from that
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः

वसिष्ठ उवाच

V
Vasiṣṭha

Educational Q&A

Human life easily slips into suffering when one allows faults to grow—through indulgence, heedlessness, and ego-driven conduct. Continuous discernment about the nature of self and qualities (guṇas) prevents one from being overpowered by them and from accruing actions that lead to ‘hellish’ consequences.

In Śānti Parva’s instructional setting, Vasiṣṭha speaks as a moral and spiritual teacher, warning about the dangers inherent in human weakness and emphasizing steady knowledge/discrimination as the safeguard against downfall.