Shloka 17

Adhyātma–Adhibhūta–Adhidaivata Correspondences and the Triguṇa Lakṣaṇas (Śānti-parva 301)

Devanagari script

ज्ञानविज्ञानसम्पन्ना: कारणैभाविता: शुभा: | प्राप्तुवन्ति शुभं मोक्ष सूक्ष्मा इव नभ: परम्‌

Transliteration

jñānavijñānasampannāḥ kāraṇair bhāvitāḥ śubhāḥ | prāpnuvanti śubhaṃ mokṣaṃ sūkṣmā iva nabhaḥ param ||

Translation

Bhīṣma nói: Những ai đầy đủ cả tri thức chân thật (jñāna) lẫn sự phân biệt đã được chứng ngộ (vijñāna), và nội tâm được gọt rửa bởi những nhân duyên đúng đắn—kỷ luật thanh tịnh và hiểu biết chánh đáng—sẽ đạt đến cảnh giới giải thoát cát tường. Trở nên vi tế, họ vươn tới khoảng không tối thượng, như các yếu tố tinh vi tan vào bầu trời cao nhất.

Word by Word

• ज्ञानविज्ञानसम्पन्नाः: endowed with knowledge and realization
• ज्ञानविज्ञानसम्पन्नाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ज्ञान-विज्ञान-सम्पन्न
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• कारणैः: by means/causes
• कारणैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कारण
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• भाविताः: cultivated, purified (disciplined)
• भाविताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भावित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• शुभाः: auspicious, pure
• शुभाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• प्राप्नुवन्ति: they attain
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आप्
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• शुभम्: auspicious (good)
• शुभम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• मोक्षम्: liberation
• मोक्षम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मोक्ष
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• सूक्ष्माः: subtle
• सूक्ष्माः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सूक्ष्म
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• इव: as if, like
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• नभः: sky, ether
• Type: Noun
• Root: नभस्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• परम्: supreme, highest
• परम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Liberation is attained by those who unite jñāna (right understanding) with vijñāna (lived, discriminative realization) and who are inwardly purified by the proper causes—disciplines and conditions that refine the mind—becoming subtle enough to reach the supreme state.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on peace, dharma, and the paths to the highest good. Here he summarizes the destiny of accomplished seekers: purified knowers attain auspicious mokṣa, likened to subtle beings merging into the highest sky.