Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 18

Adhyātma–Adhibhūta–Adhidaivata Correspondences and the Triguṇa Lakṣaṇas (Śānti-parva 301)

रूपेण दृष्टि संयुक्तां प्राणं गन्धगुणेन च | शब्दे सक्तं तथा श्रीत्र॑ जिह्ना रसगुणेषु च

rūpeṇa dṛṣṭi-saṃyuktā prāṇaṃ gandha-guṇena ca | śabde saktaṃ tathā śrotraṃ jihvā rasa-guṇeṣu ca ||

Bhīṣma nói: Thị giác gắn với sắc; hơi thở sinh mệnh (prāṇa) liên hệ với tính chất của mùi. Thính giác bám vào âm thanh, và lưỡi bám vào các vị. Vì thế, các căn tự nhiên hướng về đối tượng riêng của mình; hiểu rõ mối liên kết ấy là điều thiết yếu cho tự chế và chánh hạnh.

रूपेणby/with form (color/shape)
रूपेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरूप
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
दृष्टिthe sight (faculty of seeing)
दृष्टि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदृष्टि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
संयुक्ताम्joined/connected
संयुक्ताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-युज्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्राणम्the breath; vital air
प्राणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
गन्धगुणेनby/with the quality of smell
गन्धगुणेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगन्धगुण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शब्देin sound
शब्दे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सक्तम्attached/absorbed
सक्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसञ्ज्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तथाlikewise/so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
श्रोत्रेin the ear (organ of hearing)
श्रोत्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootश्रोत्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
जिह्वाthe tongue
जिह्वा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजिह्वा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
रसगुणेषुin the qualities of taste
रसगुणेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरसगुण
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
D
dṛṣṭi (sight)
P
prāṇa (vital breath)
Ś
śrotra (hearing)
J
jihvā (tongue)
R
rūpa (form)
G
gandha (smell)
Ś
śabda (sound)
R
rasa (taste)

Educational Q&A

Each sense faculty is naturally bound to its corresponding object—sight to form, hearing to sound, tongue to taste, and so on. Recognizing this built-in tendency helps one practice restraint (dama) and avoid being carried away by sense-attachment, which is central to dharmic living.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and inner discipline. Here he explains how the senses relate to their objects, as part of a broader discussion on controlling desire and cultivating steadiness of mind.