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Shloka 6

अध्याय २९७ — श्रेयः, धृति, दान-नियमाः

Welfare, Steadfastness, and Norms of Giving

किंतु जिसके पास युद्धका सामान हो, जो युद्धके लिये तैयार हो और अपने बराबरका हो, संग्रामभूमिमें उस क्षत्रियकुमारको राजा अवश्य जीतनेका प्रयत्न करे ।।

tulyād iha vadhaḥ śreyān viśiṣṭāc ceti niścayaḥ | nihīnāt kātarāc caiva kṛpaṇād garhito vadhaḥ ||

Parāśara nói: Một vị vua phải gắng sức đánh bại trên chiến địa vị vương tử kṣatriya ấy—kẻ đã trang bị đầy đủ binh khí, sẵn sàng giao chiến và ngang sức với mình. Các bậc tinh thông binh pháp đã quyết rằng: được chết dưới tay kẻ ngang hàng—thậm chí dưới tay một dũng sĩ trội hơn—là điều đáng trọng; còn chết bởi tay kẻ kém hèn, kẻ nhát gan hay kẻ khốn cùng thì bị xem là ô nhục.

तुल्यात्from an equal (person)
तुल्यात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootतुल्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
इहhere (in this context/world)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
वधःdeath, slaying
वधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्रेयान्better, preferable
श्रेयान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेयस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विशिष्टात्from a superior (person)
विशिष्टात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootविशिष्ट
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
निश्चयःdecision, settled conclusion
निश्चयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिश्चय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निहीनात्from an inferior (person)
निहीनात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootनिहीन
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
कातरात्from a cowardly (person)
कातरात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootकातर
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
कृपणात्from a wretched/mean (person)
कृपणात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootकृपण
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
गर्हितःcensured, blameworthy
गर्हितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगर्हित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वधःdeath, slaying
वधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

पराशर उवाच

P
Parāśara
K
kṣatriya (kṣatriya-prince)
R
rājā (king)
S
saṅgrāma-bhūmi (battlefield)
Y
yuddha-śāstra (science/law of war)

Educational Q&A

In kṣatriya ethics, combat should be undertaken against a properly prepared and worthy opponent; being slain by an equal or superior is considered honorable, while death at the hands of an inferior, cowardly, or base person is viewed as disgraceful.

Parāśara is instructing on norms of righteous warfare and royal conduct: a king should engage and seek victory over a battle-ready peer, and he cites the war-tradition’s judgment about what kinds of death in combat are praised or censured.