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Shloka 55

Aśmagīta: Janaka’s Inquiry on Loss, Kāla, and the Limits of Control (अश्मगीता)

चरितत्रह्मचर्यों हि प्रजायेत यजेत च । पितृदेवमनुष्याणानृण्यादनसूयक:

carita-brahmacaryo hi prajāyeta yajeta ca | pitṛ-deva-manuṣyāṇām ṛṇyād anasūyakaḥ ||

Janaka dạy rằng: Con người trước hết phải hoàn tất trọn vẹn kỷ luật brahmacarya, rồi mới bước vào giai đoạn gia chủ. Để được giải thoát khỏi các món nợ đối với tổ tiên, chư thiên và con người (đặc biệt là khách), người ấy nên sinh con nối dõi và cử hành tế lễ, đồng thời không nuôi tâm soi lỗi hay ganh ghét người khác.

चरितब्रह्मचर्यःone who has practiced brahmacarya
चरितब्रह्मचर्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचरितब्रह्मचर्य (चरित + ब्रह्मचर्य)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
प्रजायेतshould beget offspring / should procreate
प्रजायेत:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + जन्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
यजेतshould perform sacrifice / should worship
यजेत:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयज्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पितृदेवमनुष्याणाम्of the Pitṛs, gods, and humans (guests)
पितृदेवमनुष्याणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपितृदेवमनुष्य (पितृ + देव + मनुष्य)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
ऋण्यात्from debt/obligation
ऋण्यात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootऋण
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
अनसूयकःnon-censorious; free from fault-finding
अनसूयकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनसूयक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

जनक उवाच

J
Janaka
P
Pitṛs (ancestors)
D
Devas (gods)
M
Manuṣyas (humans/guests)
B
Brahmacarya
G
Gṛhastha-āśrama
Y
Yajña

Educational Q&A

Complete brahmacarya first, then live as a householder who repays the three obligations—toward ancestors, gods, and humans—through progeny, sacrifice, and hospitality, while maintaining a non-censorious, non-envious attitude.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma, King Janaka speaks as a teacher, outlining the proper sequence of life-stages and the ethical duties of the householder aimed at discharging social and cosmic obligations.