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Shloka 36

Aśmagīta: Janaka’s Inquiry on Loss, Kāla, and the Limits of Control (अश्मगीता)

वृद्धावस्था और मृत्युके वशमें पड़े हुए मनुष्यको औषध, मन्त्र, होम और जप भी नहीं बचा पाते हैं ।।

vṛddhāvasthā-mṛtyu-vaśaṁ patitaṁ manuṣyam auṣadha-mantra-homa-japā api na trātum śaknuvanti. yathā kāṣṭhaṁ ca kāṣṭhaṁ ca sameyātāṁ mahodadhau; sametya ca vyapeyātāṁ, tadvat bhūta-samāgamaḥ.

Janaka nói: “Người đã rơi vào quyền lực của tuổi già và cái chết thì dù thuốc men, thần chú, lễ tế lửa hay lời cầu tụng lặp lại cũng không thể cứu được. Như hai khúc gỗ—một từ bờ này, một từ bờ kia—trôi dạt trong đại dương, gặp nhau trong chốc lát rồi lại lìa xa; cũng vậy, trong đời này, chúng sinh cứ mãi hợp rồi tan.”

यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
काष्ठम्a piece of wood
काष्ठम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाष्ठ
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
काष्ठम्a (second) piece of wood
काष्ठम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाष्ठ
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
समेयाताम्might come together / meet
समेयाताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-इ (एति)
FormOptative, Third, Dual, Parasmaipada
महोदधौin the great ocean
महोदधौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहोदधि
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
समेत्यhaving met
समेत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-इ
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
व्यपेयाताम्might separate / go apart
व्यपेयाताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-अप-इ (अपेति)
FormOptative, Third, Dual, Parasmaipada
तद्वत्so too / likewise
तद्वत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद्वत्
भूतसमागमःthe meeting/association of beings
भूतसमागमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभूत-समागम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

जनक उवाच

J
Janaka
O
old age
D
death
M
medicine
M
mantra
H
homa (fire-sacrifice)
J
japa
G
great ocean (mahodadhi)
P
pieces of wood (kāṣṭha)

Educational Q&A

That mortality is unavoidable: when old age and death take hold, external means—medicine, mantras, rituals, or recitation—cannot ultimately prevent the end. Therefore one should cultivate detachment and live by dharma, not by clinging to transient bonds.

King Janaka delivers a reflective instruction using a simile: like two logs that drift together in the ocean and then separate, beings in the world meet and part according to time and circumstance. The point is to understand the nature of worldly association and respond with wisdom rather than grief-driven attachment.