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Shloka 15

मृत्योर्ब्रह्मणा नियोजनम् — The Commissioning of Mṛtyu by Brahmā

षड्भि: सत्त्वगुणोपेतै: प्राज्नैरधिगतं त्रिभि: | ये विदुः: प्रेत्य चात्मानमिहस्थं तं गुणं विदु:

ṣaḍbhiḥ sattvaguṇopetaiḥ prājñair adhigataṃ tribhiḥ | ye viduḥ pretya cātmānam ihasthaṃ taṃ guṇaṃ viduḥ ||

Vyāsa nói: “Những bậc trí, ngay khi còn sống trong chính thân này, đã nhận biết Chân ngã (Ātman)—Chân ngã được chứng đắc nhờ ba pháp tu và được nâng đỡ bởi sáu đức hạnh sāttvika—thật sự hiểu rõ cảnh giới tối thượng ấy. Đã biết Chân ngã ngay tại đây, họ đạt phẩm tính của sự an lạc tối cao, cả ở bên kia cái chết.”

षड्भिःwith six
षड्भिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootषट्
Form—, Instrumental, Plural
सत्त्वगुणोपेतैःendowed with the quality of sattva
सत्त्वगुणोपेतैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्त्वगुणोपेत
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
प्राज्ञैःby the wise (persons)
प्राज्ञैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्राज्ञ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अधिगतंattained/realized
अधिगतं:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-गम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
त्रिभिःby three
त्रिभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
Form—, Instrumental, Plural
येthose who
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विदुःknow
विदुः:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Plural
प्रेत्यafter death / having departed
प्रेत्य:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र-इ
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आत्मानम्the Self
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इहस्थम्present here (while living here)
इहस्थम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootइहस्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तम्that
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
गुणम्quality/state (here: supreme peace as a guṇa)
गुणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विदुःknow (indeed)
विदुः:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Plural

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
Ā
Ātman (the Self)

Educational Q&A

Realize the Self while living (jīvanmukti) through three disciplines—traditionally hearing, reflection, and deep contemplation—and by cultivating six sāttvika virtues (as glossed in the given Hindi: truthfulness, self-control, generosity, austerity, renunciation, and tranquility). Such knowledge culminates in the supreme state of peace.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on liberation and inner peace, Vyāsa states a criterion for true wisdom: those who overcome body-identification and know the Self here and now, supported by virtues and disciplined inquiry/meditation, attain the highest peace even beyond death.