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Shloka 13

कामद्रुम-रूपकः तथा शरीर-पुर-रूपकः

The Desire-Tree and the Body-as-City Metaphors

रहस्यं सर्ववेदानामनैतिहमनागमम्‌ | आत्मप्रत्ययिकं शास्त्रमिदं पुत्रानुशसनम्‌

vyāsa uvāca | rahasyaṁ sarvavedānām anaitihyam anāgamam | ātmapratyayikaṁ śāstram idaṁ putrānuśāsanam | mano buddhiḥ svabhāvaś ca traya ete svayonijāḥ | na guṇān ativartante guṇebhyaḥ paramāgatāḥ |

Vyāsa nói: “Con trai ta, lời dạy này là bí mật nội tạng của toàn thể Veda, không thể được xác lập chỉ bằng truyền thống hay lời truyền khẩu. Đây là giáo pháp được chứng thực bằng tự chứng trực tiếp, một kỷ luật đưa đến tri kiến về Ngã. Tâm (manas), trí (buddhi) và bản tính bẩm sinh—cái ‘tôi’ cùng thói quen (ahaṃkāra)—ba thứ ấy sinh khởi từ những nguồn nhân riêng của chúng, tức các ấn tượng quá khứ. Dẫu vi tế và cao hơn những sản phẩm khác của các đại chủng, chúng vẫn không thể hoàn toàn vượt khỏi các guṇa; chúng vận hành trong chính các guṇa mà từ đó chúng phát sinh.”

रहस्यम्secret, esoteric truth
रहस्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरहस्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सर्व-वेदानाम्of all the Vedas
सर्व-वेदानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व + वेद
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अनैतिह्यम्not based on tradition/itihya (hearsay)
अनैतिह्यम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनैतिह्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अनागमम्not derived from (mere) scripture/received authority
अनागमम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनागम
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आत्म-प्रत्ययिकम्based on self-realization/inner certainty
आत्म-प्रत्ययिकम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआत्मन् + प्रत्ययिक
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
शास्त्रम्teaching, treatise
शास्त्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशास्त्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पुत्र-अनुशासनम्instruction to a son
पुत्र-अनुशासनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र + अनुशासन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
मनःmind
मनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
बुद्धिःintellect
बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
स्वभावःnature, disposition
स्वभावः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्वभाव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
त्रयःthree
त्रयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्व-योनिजाःborn of their own source (self-originated)
स्व-योनिजाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व + योनिज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
गुणान्the qualities (gunas)
गुणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अति-वर्तन्तेthey transcend, go beyond
अति-वर्तन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootअति + √वृत्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
गुणेभ्यःfrom the qualities (gunas)
गुणेभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Ablative, Plural
परम्-आगताःeven if they have reached the highest
परम्-आगताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम् + आ + √गम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Past active participle (क्त)

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
P
putra (son, unnamed)

Educational Q&A

The passage asserts that the deepest Vedic secret is Self-knowledge verified by direct inner certainty (ātma-pratyaya), not merely by tradition or second-hand authority. It also teaches that mind, intellect, and innate disposition arise from prior causes and remain conditioned by the three guṇas, so liberation requires understanding and disentangling from guṇa-bound functioning rather than expecting these faculties to transcend guṇas on their own.

In the Śānti Parva’s instructional setting, Vyāsa addresses his son as a teacher, presenting a concise, philosophical admonition. He frames his counsel as an experiential doctrine of the Self and then analyzes the psychological instruments (mind, intellect, disposition) to show their dependence on prakṛti’s guṇas, guiding the listener toward a mokṣa-oriented understanding.