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Shloka 27

महाभूत–इन्द्रिय–मनस्–बुद्धि–अन्तरात्मा विवेकः | Discrimination of Elements, Senses, Mind, Intellect, and Inner Self

केशलोमनखान्‌ वाप्य वानप्रस्थो मुनिस्तत: । आश्रमादाश्रमं पुण्यं पूतो गच्छति कर्मभि:,तदनन्तर वानप्रस्थ मुनि केश, लोम और नख कटाकर कर्मोंसे पवित्र हो वानप्रस्थ- आश्रमसे पुण्यमय संन्यास-आश्रममें प्रवेश करे

keśalomnakhān vāpy vānaprastho munis tataḥ | āśramād āśramaṃ puṇyaṃ pūto gacchati karmabhiḥ ||

Vyāsa nói: Bấy giờ, vị hiền triết sống rừng (vānaprastha), sau khi cắt tóc, lông và móng, được thanh tịnh nhờ các pháp hành đã định, liền đi từ một giai đoạn thiêng liêng sang giai đoạn thiêng liêng khác—bước vào hàng ngũ xuất gia (saṃnyāsa) đầy công đức. Câu kệ nhấn mạnh rằng chính sự thanh lọc đạo hạnh và sự chuyển tiếp đúng thứ lớp—chứ không chỉ đổi thay bề ngoài—mới làm người ta xứng đáng với sự xuất ly cao hơn.

केशhair
केश:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकेश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
लोमbody-hair
लोम:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोमन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
नखान्nails
नखान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनख
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
वानप्रस्थःa forest-dweller (one in the vānaprastha stage)
वानप्रस्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवानप्रस्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मुनिःsage
मुनिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ततःthen/thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
आश्रमात्from (the) āśrama
आश्रमात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रम
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
आश्रमम्to (the) āśrama
आश्रमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुण्यम्holy/meritorious
पुण्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपुण्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पूतःpurified
पूतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपू (धातु) + त (क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गच्छतिgoes
गच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormPresent, Third, Singular
कर्मभिःby (his) acts/rites
कर्मभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
V
vānaprastha (forest-dweller)
M
muni (sage)
Ā
āśrama (stages of life)
S
saṃnyāsa (renunciant stage)

Educational Q&A

Progress to saṃnyāsa should follow purification through disciplined, dharmic conduct; external acts like trimming hair and nails symbolize readiness, but the real qualification is being 'purified by deeds' (karmabhiḥ pūtaḥ).

Vyāsa describes the proper transition of a vānaprastha: after completing the forest-dweller duties and adopting signs of austerity and cleanliness, he moves from that āśrama into the sacred saṃnyāsa āśrama.