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Shloka 4

Adhyāya 240: Indriya–Manas–Buddhi–Ātman — The Inner Hierarchy and Restraint (इन्द्रिय-मनस्-बुद्धि-आत्म-क्रमः)

योगदोषान्‌ समुच्छिद्य पठच यान्‌ कवयो विदु:

vyāsa uvāca | yogadoṣān samucchidya paṭhaca yān kavayo viduḥ | sattvasaṃsevanād dhīro nidrām ucchettum arhati |

Vyāsa nói: “Khi đã dứt trừ hoàn toàn những lỗi lầm ngăn trở yoga—những điều các bậc hiền triết đã chỉ rõ—người kiên định trở nên xứng đáng để xua tan cơn buồn ngủ nhờ nuôi dưỡng sattva (tính trong sáng, thanh tịnh). Mũi nhọn đạo lý là tự thanh lọc: hành giả phải nhổ tận gốc các kẻ thù nội tâm như dục vọng, sân hận, tham lam, sợ hãi và khuynh hướng mê ngủ, để sự minh triết và tỉnh thức có kỷ luật nâng đỡ đời sống yoga.”

योगदोषान्faults/defects of yoga
योगदोषान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयोगदोष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
समुच्छिद्यhaving completely cut off
समुच्छिद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-उत्-छिद्
FormLyap (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपञ्च
यान्which
यान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कवयःsages/poets
कवयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकवि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विदुःknow/declare
विदुः:
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (ज्ञाने)
FormPerfect, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
सत्त्वसंसेवनात्by/through the practice (cultivation) of sattva
सत्त्वसंसेवनात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्व-सम्-सेवन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
धीरःthe steadfast/wise man
धीरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निद्राम्sleep
निद्राम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिद्रा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
उच्छेत्तुम्to cut off/remove
उच्छेत्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-छिद्
FormTumun (infinitive), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
अर्हतिis able/deserves
अर्हति:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa

Educational Q&A

Yoga requires removing inner obstacles at their root. By cultivating sattva—purity and clarity—a disciplined person becomes capable of overcoming drowsiness and sustaining wakeful, ethical self-mastery.

In the instructional discourse of the Śānti Parva, Vyāsa gives practical guidance for spiritual discipline, pointing to recognized impediments to yoga and prescribing sattva-cultivation as a means to dispel sleep and maintain steady practice.