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Shloka 11

Adhyāya 240: Indriya–Manas–Buddhi–Ātman — The Inner Hierarchy and Restraint (इन्द्रिय-मनस्-बुद्धि-आत्म-क्रमः)

शौचमाचार संशुद्धिरिन्द्रियाणां च निग्रह: । एतैरविवर्धते तेज: पाप्मानं चापकर्षति

śaucam ācāra-saṁśuddhir indriyāṇāṁ ca nigrahaḥ | etair avivardhate tejaḥ pāpmānaṁ cāpakarṣati | sattva-saṁsevanād dhīro nidrām ucchettum arhati |

Vyāsa nói: Thanh tịnh, gột rửa hạnh kiểm, và chế ngự các căn—nhờ những điều ấy, quang minh nội tâm tăng trưởng bền bỉ và tội lỗi bị kéo lùi. Lại nữa, nhờ nuôi dưỡng sattva, người kiên định trở nên xứng đáng để cắt bỏ sự ngủ quá độ. Lời dạy chỉ rõ: đời sống có kỷ luật là phương tiện làm suy yếu các lỗi lầm bên trong và tăng cường sự trong sáng cùng sinh lực tâm linh.

शौचम्purity/cleanliness
शौचम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशौच
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आचार-सम्शुद्धिःpurification of conduct
आचार-सम्शुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआचार-सम्शुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
इन्द्रियाणाम्of the senses
इन्द्रियाणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
निग्रहःrestraint/control
निग्रहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिग्रह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एतैःby these
एतैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
अभिवर्धतेincreases/grows
अभिवर्धते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृध्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
तेजःsplendor/energy
तेजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पाप्मानम्sin/evil
पाप्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाप्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपकर्षतिdraws away/removes
अपकर्षति:
TypeVerb
Rootकृष्
FormPresent, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
सत्त्व-सम्सेवनात्from cultivating sattva (goodness)
सत्त्व-सम्सेवनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्व-सम्सेवन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
धीरःsteadfast/wise (man)
धीरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निद्राम्sleep
निद्राम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिद्रा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
उच्छेत्तुम्to cut off/remove
उच्छेत्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-छिद्
FormTumun (infinitive)
अर्हतिis able/deserves
अर्हति:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa

Educational Q&A

Ethical purification—cleanliness (śauca), purified conduct (ācāra-saṁśuddhi), and sense-restraint (indriya-nigraha)—builds tejas (inner radiance) and removes pāpa (moral impurity). Cultivating sattva further helps a disciplined person overcome tamasic heaviness such as excessive sleep.

In the didactic setting of Śānti Parva, Vyāsa delivers instruction on inner discipline. Rather than describing an external event, the verse lays out practical means for moral and spiritual strengthening: purification, restraint, and sattvic cultivation.