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Shloka 15

Adhyāya 222 — ब्रह्मस्थानप्राप्ति: मोक्षधर्मे समत्वव्रतम्

Attaining the Brahman-Station: The Vow of Equanimity in Mokṣadharma

प्रह्नमादजी बोले--देवराज! जो प्राणियोंकी प्रवृत्ति और निवृत्तिको नहीं जानता, उसीको अविवेकके कारण स्तम्भ (जडता या मोह) होता है। जिसे आत्माका साक्षात्कार हो गया है, उसको कभी मोह नहीं होता ।।

devarāja! yo bhūtānāṁ pravṛttiṁ ca nivṛttiṁ ca na jānāti, sa evāvivekāt stambhaṁ (jaḍatāṁ vā mohaṁ vā) prāpnoti. yasya tv ātma-sākṣātkāro jātaḥ, tasya kadācana moho na bhavati. svabhāvāt sampravartante nivartante tathaiva ca; sarve bhāvās tathābhāvāḥ; puruṣārtho na vidyate.

Prahlāda nói: “Hỡi Thiên vương! Kẻ nào không biết nơi muôn loài hai khuynh hướng: hướng ra ngoài (pravṛtti) và hướng quay vào trong (nivṛtti), thì vì thiếu phân biệt mà rơi vào sự đờ đẫn—vào mê muội và si ám. Nhưng người đã chứng ngộ Tự ngã thì mê lầm không bao giờ khởi. Mọi trạng thái có và không có đều tự theo bản tính mà sinh rồi diệt; chúng tự đến rồi tự đi. Theo nghĩa ấy, không thể nhận ‘nỗ lực cá nhân’ như nguyên nhân tối hậu.”

स्वभावात्from (their) nature
स्वभावात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वभाव
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
सम्प्रवर्तन्तेthey set forth / become active
सम्प्रवर्तन्ते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + प्र + √वृत् (वर्तते)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
निवर्तन्तेthey cease / turn back
निवर्तन्ते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनि + √वृत् (वर्तते)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
तथाthus / in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भावाःstates / existents / conditions
भावाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभाव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाlikewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अभावाःnon-existents / absences / negations
अभावाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअभाव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पुरुषार्थःhuman effort / personal endeavor
पुरुषार्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषार्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विद्यतेexists / is found
विद्यते:
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (विद्यते)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada

प्रह्माद उवाच

P
Prahlāda
D
Devarāja (Indra)
Ā
Ātman (the Self)

Educational Q&A

Without discernment of pravṛtti (outward engagement) and nivṛtti (withdrawal), one falls into stambha—rigid dullness and delusion. Self-realization removes moha. The verse also stresses that arising and ceasing of states occur according to svabhāva (inherent nature), challenging the notion of absolute personal agency (puruṣārtha) as the final cause.

In Śānti Parva’s didactic setting, Prahlāda addresses Devarāja (Indra) with a philosophical instruction: he contrasts the deluded person, who lacks discrimination, with the realized person, who is free from delusion, and frames worldly changes as movements of nature rather than as products of egoic control.