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Shloka 11

Prahlāda–Indra Saṃvāda: Kartṛtva (Agency) and Svabhāva (Nature) in the Causation of Karma

कल्कापेतामपरुषामनृशंसामपैशुनाम्‌ । ईदृगल्पं च वक्तव्यमविक्षिप्तेन चेतसा

kalkāpetām aparuṣām anṛśaṃsām apaiśunām | īdṛg-alpaṃ ca vaktavyam avikṣiptena cetasā ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Hãy nói những lời không vẩn đục, không thô bạo, không tàn nhẫn, không vấy bởi phỉ báng. Ngay cả lời như thế cũng chỉ nên thốt ra chừng mực, với tâm vững và không tán loạn—nhất là đối với người thấy được sự vi tế của dharma và muốn nói điều thật sự lợi ích.”

कल्कापेताम्free from impurity/sin
कल्कापेताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकल्क-अपेत
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अपरुषाम्not harsh
अपरुषाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-परुष
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अनृशंसाम्not cruel; compassionate
अनृशंसाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-नृशंस
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अपैशुनाम्free from slander/backbiting
अपैशुनाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-पैशुन
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
ईदृक्such (of this kind)
ईदृक्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootईदृश्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अल्पम्little; limited
अल्पम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअल्प
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वक्तव्यम्should be spoken
वक्तव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formतव्यत्, Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, Obligative (gerundive)
अविक्षिप्तेनwith undistracted (steady)
अविक्षिप्तेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-वि-क्षिप्त
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
चेतसाwith mind; with consciousness
चेतसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootचेतस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

Speech should be ethically purified: truthful yet non-harmful, gentle, compassionate, and free from slander; moreover, even good speech should be measured and spoken with a steady, undistracted mind.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs on dharma and proper conduct; here he gives a rule of disciplined speech as part of ethical living and self-mastery.