Shloka 16

Vimokṣa-niścaya: Pañcaśikha’s Analysis of Aggregates, Guṇas, and Tyāga (मोक्षनिर्णयः)

Devanagari script

भावान्‌ सर्वनुपावृत्तान्‌ समीक्ष्य विषयात्मकान्‌ | शान्तिमिच्छन्नदीनात्मा संयच्छेदिन्द्रियाणि च

Transliteration

bhāvān sarvānupāvṛttān samīkṣya viṣayātmakān | śāntim icchann adīnātmā saṃyacched indriyāṇi ca ||

Translation

Sau khi xét kỹ mọi trạng thái tâm khởi lên do liên hệ với các đối tượng của giác quan, người kiên định cầu an tịnh nội tâm cũng phải chế ngự các căn.

Word by Word

• भावान्: states/conditions (mental states, existents)
• भावान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भाव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• सर्वान्: all
• सर्वान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• उपावृत्तान्: returned/turned back; withdrawn
• उपावृत्तान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उप-आ-वृत्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural, Past Passive Participle (क्त)

• समीक्ष्य: having examined/considered
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-ईक्ष्
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय: ल्यप्), Parasmaipada (usage)

• विषयात्मकान्: having the nature of sense-objects; object-oriented
• विषयात्मकान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विषय-आत्मक
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• शान्तिम्: peace, tranquility
• शान्तिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शान्ति
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• इच्छन्: desiring
• इच्छन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: इष्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Present Active Participle (शतृ)

• अदीनात्मा: one whose spirit is not dejected; steadfast-minded person
• अदीनात्मा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अदीन-आत्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• संयच्छेत्: should restrain/control
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-यम्
• Form: Optative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• इन्द्रियाणि: the senses
• इन्द्रियाणि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्रिय
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Peace (śānti) is attained by reflective discernment of sense-object-based mental movements and by actively restraining the senses; insight and discipline must work together.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhīṣma, instructing on dharma in the Śānti Parva, gives a practical counsel for inner tranquility: observe how the mind’s states are driven by sensory objects, then curb the senses to prevent further agitation.