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Shloka 52

मृत्यु-काल-प्रबोधनम् (Instruction on Mortality, Time, and Truth) — Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 169

स तत्र न्यवसद्‌ विप्रो घृणी किज्चिदसंस्पृशन्‌ | क्षुधितश्छन्द्यमानो5पि भोजनं नाभ्यनन्दत

sa tatra nyavasad vipro ghṛṇī kiñcid asaṁspṛśan | kṣudhitaś chandyamāno 'pi bhojanaṁ nābhyanandata ||

Bhīṣma nói: Vị Bà-la-môn đầy lòng trắc ẩn ấy ở lại nơi đó, nhưng không hề chạm tay vào bất cứ vật gì. Dẫu đang đói và bị khẩn khoản mời ăn hết lần này đến lần khác, ông vẫn không chịu nhận lấy thức ăn ở đó—đó là sự tự chế theo đạo lý có chủ ý, chứ không phải vì không muốn ăn.

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
न्यवसत्stayed, dwelt
न्यवसत्:
TypeVerb
Rootनि + वस्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
विप्रःthe brahmin
विप्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
घृणीcompassionate, kind
घृणी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootघृणिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
किञ्चित्anything, something
किञ्चित्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिञ्चित्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
असंस्पृशन्not touching
असंस्पृशन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअ + सम् + स्पृश्
FormPresent active participle (Parasmaipada), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षुधितःhungry
क्षुधितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षुधित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
छन्द्यमानःbeing entreated/solicited
छन्द्यमानः:
TypeVerb
Rootछन्द्
FormPresent passive participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिeven, although
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
भोजनम्food, meal
भोजनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभोजन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अभ्यनन्दत्approved/accepted, was pleased with
अभ्यनन्दत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि + नन्द्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
A
a brahmin (vipra)
G
Gautama

Educational Q&A

Ethical discipline can require refusing even legitimate comforts: the brahmin’s compassion does not override his commitment to a principle of purity or non-acceptance, showing that dharma may demand restraint despite hunger and social pressure.

A compassionate brahmin stays at a place (at Gautama’s urging) but avoids contact with the household’s things and refuses to eat their food, even though he is hungry and repeatedly requested—indicating a purposeful vow or moral boundary.