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Shloka 12

Adhyāya 159 — Dāna–Dakṣiṇā, Āpaddharma Measures, and Prāyaścitta Classifications

न संत्यजन्त्यात्मकर्म यो न जीर्य॑ति जीर्यत: । यो न पूरयितुं शक्‍यो लोभ: प्राप्त्या कुरूद्गबह

na santyajantyātmakarma yo na jīryati jīryataḥ | yo na pūrayituṃ śakyo lobhaḥ prāptyā kurūdgbaha ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Dẫu con người già đi, họ vẫn không từ bỏ những thói quen của chính mình; và lòng tham, hỡi bậc gánh vác dòng Kuru, không thể được lấp đầy hay thỏa mãn chỉ bằng việc đạt được của cải. Lời dạy là: tuổi tác tự nó không chữa được sự chấp trước, và sự sở hữu chỉ nuôi lớn khát vọng chứ không làm nó trọn vẹn.”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सन्त्यजन्तिthey abandon/renounce
सन्त्यजन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
FormLat (present indicative), 3rd, plural, Parasmaipada
आत्मकर्मone's own action/duty
आत्मकर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् + कर्मन्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जीर्यतिdecays/grows old
जीर्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootजॄ
FormLat (present indicative), 3rd, singular, Atmanepada
जीर्यतःof (one) decaying/aging
जीर्यतः:
TypeKridanta
Rootजॄ
Formpresent active participle (śatṛ), masculine/neuter, genitive, singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पूरयितुम्to fill/satisfy
पूरयितुम्:
TypeKridanta
Rootपूर्/पॄ (पूरयति)
Forminfinitive (tumun)
शक्यःpossible/able (to be done)
शक्यः:
TypeKridanta
Rootशक्
Formpotential passive participle (tavya/ya; here -ya), masculine, nominative, singular
लॊभःgreed
लॊभः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलोभ
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
प्राप्त्याby attainment/through acquisition
प्राप्त्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्राप्ति
Formfeminine, instrumental, singular
कुरूद्गबहuncertain reading/unclear word (possibly a vocative or epithet)
कुरूद्गबह:
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु + उद्ग (uncertain) + बह (uncertain)

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
Y
Yudhishthira (Kurūdgbaha)
G
Greed (lobha)

Educational Q&A

Greed is intrinsically insatiable: no amount of acquisition can ‘fill’ it. Therefore ethical life requires restraint and discernment, not the hope that more possessions or successes will end craving.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and inner discipline after the war. Here he warns that even old age does not automatically loosen one’s habitual pursuits, and that greed persists unless consciously checked.