Shanti Parva Adhyaya 154 Shloka 93 - Mahabharata | Vietnamese | Vedapath

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Shloka 93

Dama-pradhāna-dharma (Self-restraint as the Root of Dharma) — Śānti-parva 154

Devanagari script

भीष्म उवाच तथा धर्मविरोधेन प्रियमिथ्याभिधायिना । श्मशानवासिना नित्यं रात्रि मृगयता नूप

Transliteration

bhīṣma uvāca tathā dharmavirodhena priyamithyābhidhāyinā | śmaśānavāsinā nityaṁ rātri mṛgayatā nṛpa ||

Translation

Bhishma nói: “Tâu đại vương, con vật ấy—kẻ luôn trú ngụ nơi bãi thiêu—đã chờ đêm xuống để toan tính cho mưu đồ của mình. Vì vậy, nó thốt ra những lời nghe êm tai mà dối trá, trái với dharma, khiến thân quyến của đứa trẻ bị treo lơ lửng trong ngờ vực và chần chừ. Họ không thể tiến bước, cũng chẳng thể an lòng ở lại; rốt cuộc, họ bị buộc phải dừng lại.”

Word by Word

भीष्मःBhishma

उवाचsaid

तथाthus; in that manner

धर्म-विरोधेनby opposition to dharma; by unrighteousness

प्रिय-मिथ्या-अभिधायिनाby one who speaks pleasing falsehood

श्मशान-वासिनाby a dweller in the cremation-ground

नित्यम्always

रात्रिम्night

मृगयताby one who hunts; by a hunter

नृपO king

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

Bhishma

King (Yudhishthira, addressed as nṛpa)

cremation-ground (śmaśāna)

night (rātri)

the boy (implied in the narrative context)

the boy’s kinsmen/relatives (implied in the narrative context)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Speech that is pleasant but false—and especially speech opposed to dharma—can become a tool of harm. The verse warns that flattering deception can paralyze right action by creating hesitation and confusion, so ethical speech must be aligned with dharma, not merely with what sounds agreeable.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma describes a deceitful being (in the surrounding story, a jackal-like figure) who lives near the cremation-ground and waits for night to further its scheme. By uttering sweet-sounding lies contrary to dharma, it causes the boy’s relatives to become stuck—unable to decide whether to proceed or withdraw—until they end up remaining there.