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Shloka 56

Śaraṇāgatapālana—Prastāvanā

Protection of the Refuge-Seeker: Opening of the Kapota Narrative

न शुष्कवैरं कुर्वीत बाहुभ्यां न नदीं तरेत्‌ । अनर्थकमनायुष्यं गोविषाणस्य भक्षणम्‌ | दन्ताश्न परिमृज्यन्ते रसश्चापि न लभ्यते

na śuṣkavairaṁ kurvīta bāhubhyāṁ na nadīṁ taret | anarthakam anāyuṣyaṁ goviṣāṇasya bhakṣaṇam | dantāśnaḥ parimṛjyante rasaś cāpi na labhyate |

Bhīṣma nói: Chớ nuôi dưỡng mối thù khô cằn vô ích, cũng chớ toan vượt sông chỉ bằng đôi tay trần. Sự gắng gượng ấy vô nghĩa, lại còn làm hao tổn thọ mạng—như con chó nhai sừng bò: răng thì mòn đi, mà chẳng được chút vị ngon hay dưỡng chất nào. Lời dạy là hãy tránh thù hằn vô bổ và những nỗ lực tự hại mình mà không đem lại lợi ích chân thực.

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शुष्क-वैरम्dry/fruitless enmity
शुष्क-वैरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशुष्कवैर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कुर्वीतshould do/make
कुर्वीत:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
बाहुभ्याम्with (both) arms
बाहुभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाहु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Dual
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नदीम्a river
नदीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनदी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
तरेत्should cross
तरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootतॄ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अनर्थकम्purposeless
अनर्थकम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनर्थक
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अनायुष्यम्life-shortening
अनायुष्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनायुष्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
गो-विषाणस्यof a cow's horn
गो-विषाणस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootगोविषाण
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
भक्षणम्chewing/eating
भक्षणम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभक्षण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दन्ताःteeth
दन्ताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदन्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अश्नeat/chew
अश्न:
TypeVerb
Rootअश्
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
परिमृज्यन्तेare rubbed/abraded
परिमृज्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-मृज्
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Atmanepada
रसःjuice/essence
रसः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
लभ्यतेis obtained
लभ्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootलभ्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
river (nadī)
C
cow’s horn (go-viṣāṇa)
D
dog (implied by the simile in the received reading/tradition)

Educational Q&A

Do not engage in ‘dry’ or purposeless enmity, and do not undertake self-harming efforts that cannot yield real benefit. Futile hostility and reckless exertion only wear one down, like chewing a cow’s horn—pain without nourishment.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and wise conduct after the war. Here he uses vivid analogies to discourage pointless grudges and unproductive, damaging actions.