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Shloka 20

Śaraṇāgatapālana—Prastāvanā

Protection of the Refuge-Seeker: Opening of the Kapota Narrative

नानार्थिको<र्थसम्बन्धं कृतघ्नेन समाचरेत्‌ । अर्थी तु शक्‍्यते भोक्तुं कृतकार्यो5वमन्यते । तस्मात्‌ सर्वाणि कार्याणि सावशेषाणि कारयेत्‌

bhīṣma uvāca | nānārthiko 'rthasambandhaṃ kṛtaghnena samācaret | arthī tu śakyate bhoktuṃ kṛtakāryo 'vamanyate | tasmāt sarvāṇi kāryāṇi sāvaśeṣāṇi kārayet |

Bhīṣma nói: Người mang nhiều mưu cầu chớ nên giao kết việc tiền của với kẻ vô ơn, cũng chớ làm cho công việc của ai đó được trọn vẹn đến cùng. Vì kẻ còn đang theo đuổi mục đích thì có thể khiến phục vụ hết lần này đến lần khác; nhưng khi mục đích đã thành, hắn thường khinh nhờn người đã giúp mình. Bởi vậy, mọi việc làm thay cho người khác nên để lại một phần chưa hoàn tất.

नानार्थिकःone having many purposes/needs
नानार्थिकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनानार्थिक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अर्थसम्बन्धम्financial/interest-based connection
अर्थसम्बन्धम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थसम्बन्ध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कृतघ्नेनwith an ungrateful person
कृतघ्नेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकृतघ्न
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
समाचरेत्should practice/enter into
समाचरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-चर्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अर्थीone who seeks a purpose/benefit
अर्थी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
शक्यतेis possible/can be
शक्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootशक्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada (passive sense)
भोक्तुम्to use/enjoy/avail (services)
भोक्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
FormInfinitive (tumun)
कृतकार्यःone whose purpose is accomplished
कृतकार्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतकार्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अवमन्यतेdisrespects/neglects
अवमन्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-मन्य्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
तस्मात्therefore
तस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतस्मात् (तद्)
सर्वाणिall
सर्वाणि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
कार्याणिtasks/works
कार्याणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकार्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
सावशेषाणिwith something left over; incomplete
सावशेषाणि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसावशेष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
कारयेत्should cause to be done / get done
कारयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (णिच्)
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, Causative

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Bhishma warns that an ungrateful person often forgets benefactors once his need is met; therefore, one should be cautious in forming financial/interest-based ties with such people and should avoid making oneself entirely dispensable by completing every task to the last detail.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and conduct, Bhishma continues advising Yudhishthira with practical moral counsel, here focusing on how to manage relationships and obligations when dealing with people prone to ingratitude.