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Shloka 20

Nakula’s Counsel on Yajña, Dāna, and Tyāga (नकुलोपदेशः—यज्ञदानत्यागविचारः)

असृजद्धि प्रजा राजन्‌ प्रजापतिरकल्मष: । मां यक्ष्यन्तीति धर्मात्मा यज्ञैविविधदक्षिणै:

asṛjaddhi prajā rājan prajāpatir akalmaṣaḥ | māṃ yakṣyantīti dharmātmā yajñair vividha-dakṣiṇaiḥ ||

Tâu Đại vương, Prajāpati thanh tịnh, không vết nhơ, đã tạo dựng muôn loài với ý định: “Chúng sẽ tế tự Ta.” Với chí hướng chính đạo, Ngài định rằng họ phải tôn kính Ngài bằng các lễ yajña kèm theo nhiều loại lễ vật cúng dường, nhờ đó đặt nền cho xã hội trên bổn phận, lòng tri ân và sự tương giao thiêng liêng.

असृजत्created
असृजत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसृज्
Formलङ् (Imperfect), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
प्रजाःcreatures/subjects
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रजापतिःPrajapati (Lord of creatures)
प्रजापतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजापति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अकल्मषःsinless/untainted
अकल्मषः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअकल्मष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
यक्ष्यन्तिthey will worship/sacrifice to
यक्ष्यन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootयज्
Formलृट् (Simple Future), 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
इतिthus/quoting
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
धर्मात्माrighteous-souled
धर्मात्मा:
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यज्ञैःby sacrifices
यज्ञैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
विविधदक्षिणैःhaving various fees (dakshinas)
विविधदक्षिणैः:
TypeAdjective
Rootविविधदक्षिण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

नकुल उवाच

N
Nakula
R
Rājan (the King addressed)
P
Prajāpati
P
Prajā (creatures/subjects)
Y
Yajña
D
Dakṣiṇā (sacrificial gifts)

Educational Q&A

Creation is linked to dharma: beings are meant to sustain a sacred reciprocity through yajña—worship expressed as disciplined action and generous giving (dakṣiṇā), which supports moral and social order.

Nakula addresses a king and explains a doctrinal point: Prajāpati, pure and righteous, created beings with the intention that they would worship him through sacrifices endowed with varied gifts, presenting yajña as a foundational principle of life and society.