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Shloka 13

जनकस्य युद्धोपदेशः — Janaka’s Instruction on Steadfast Battle-Conduct

राजर्षि जनक अपने सैनिकोंको स्वर्ग और नरककी बात कह रहे हैं पुनरावर्तमानानां निराशानां च जीविते । वेग: सुदुःसहो राजंस्तस्मान्नात्यनुसारयेत्‌

punarāvartanānāṃ nirāśānāṃ ca jīvite | vegaḥ suduḥsaho rājan tasmān nātyanusārayet ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Tâu Đại vương, với những kẻ cứ phải quay lại giữa vòng hiểm nguy, và với những người đã tuyệt vọng đến mức chẳng còn thiết sống, sức xô của cơn tuyệt vọng trở nên gần như không thể chịu nổi. Vì vậy, hỡi bậc trị vì, chớ ép họ quá mức, chớ dồn họ đến tận cùng.”

पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
आवर्तमानानाम्of those who return (again and again)
आवर्तमानानाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootआवर्तमान (आ + वृत्)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
निराशानाम्of the hopeless/despairing
निराशानाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootनिराश (निर् + आशा)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जीवितेin life
जीविते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वेगःimpulse/force (of emotion)
वेगः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवेग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुदुःसहःvery hard to bear
सुदुःसहः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुदुःसह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तस्मात्therefore/from that reason
तस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतस्मात् (तद्)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अतिexcessively/too much
अति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअति
अनुसारयेत्one should follow/indulge (it)
अनुसारयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + सृ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
rājan (the king addressed, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira in the Śānti context)

Educational Q&A

A ruler should recognize that people driven by repeated hardship and loss of hope can act with uncontrollable force; therefore governance must avoid excessive pressure and instead apply restraint and humane judgment.

In Bhīṣma’s instruction on dharma and kingship in the Śānti Parva, he warns the king about the dangerous momentum of desperation and counsels against pushing distressed people beyond endurance.