Shloka 9
Śalya-hatānantarāṇi: Madrarāja-padānugānāṃ praskandana and the Pandava counter-encirclement (शल्यहतानन्तराणि—मद्रराजपदानुगानां प्रस्कन्दनम्)
Devanagari script
ततस्तु शूरा: समरे नरेन्द्र नरेश्वरं प्राप्य युधां वरिष्ठम् आवार्य चैनं समरे नृवीरा जघ्नु: शरै: पत्रिभिरुग्रवेगै:
Translation
Bấy giờ, tâu Đại vương, các dũng sĩ trên chiến địa tiến đến vị chúa tể nhân gian Śalya, bậc thượng thủ trong chiến trận; họ chặn ông lại giữa sa trường và bắn những mũi tên lông vũ lao đi với sức mạnh dữ dội, khiến ông bị thương.
Word by Word
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
तुbut, indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
शूराःheroes, brave men
शूराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
नरेन्द्रO king (lord of men)
नरेन्द्र:
TypeNoun
Rootनरेन्द्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
नरेश्वरम्the king, lord of men
नरेश्वरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनरेश्वर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्यhaving reached
प्राप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
युधाम्of battles / of fighters
युधाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootयुध्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
वरिष्ठम्the best, the foremost
वरिष्ठम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootवरिष्ठ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, Superlative
आवार्यhaving surrounded/checked/held back
आवार्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√वृ (वृणोति/वर्तते) / √वृ (to cover, restrain)
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund)
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
एनम्him
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
नृवीराःman-heroes, heroic men
नृवीराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृवीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
जघ्नुःthey struck/slew
जघ्नुः:
TypeVerb
Root√हन्
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
शरैःwith arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
पत्रिभिःfeathered (i.e., fletched)
पत्रिभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootपत्रिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
उग्रवेगैःof fierce speed
उग्रवेगैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्रवेग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes