Shloka 33

Adhyāya 45 — Duryodhana’s Distress, Śakuni’s Counsel, and the Summons for Dyūta

Devanagari script

शिशुपालके वधके लिये भगवान्‌का हाथमें चक्र ग्रहण करना दुर्योधनका स्थलके भ्रमसे जलमें गिरना प्रह्श: केशवं जग्मु: संस्तुवन्तो महर्षय: । ब्राह्मणाश्न महात्मान: पार्थिवाश्न महाबला:

Transliteration

prahr̥ṣṭāḥ keśavaṃ jagmuḥ saṃstuvanto maharṣayaḥ | brāhmaṇāś ca mahātmānaḥ pārthivāś ca mahābalāḥ ||

Translation

Hân hoan, các đại hiền triết đến bên Keśava mà tán dương Ngài; các Bà-la-môn tâm hồn cao cả và những bậc quân vương dũng mãnh cũng vậy. Cảnh ấy nêu rõ một sự đồng thuận về đạo lý: khi kiêu mạn và bạo lực đe dọa trật tự của hội trường, người chính trực—dù thuộc hàng tu sĩ hay vương giả—đều xác nhận Đấng hộ trì dharma bằng lời tôn kính, ca ngợi và sự quy phục.

Word by Word

• प्रहृष्टाः: delighted, rejoicing
• प्रहृष्टाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रहृष्ट
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• केशवम्: Keshava (Krishna)
• केशवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: केशव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• जग्मुः: went, approached
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• संस्तुवन्तः: praising, extolling
• संस्तुवन्तः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: संस्तु
• Form: Present active participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• महर्षयः: great sages
• महर्षयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महर्षि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• ब्राह्मणाः: Brahmins
• ब्राह्मणाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• महात्मानः: great-souled ones
• महात्मानः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महात्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पार्थिवाः: kings, rulers
• पार्थिवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थिव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• महाबलाः: mighty, of great strength
• महाबलाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महाबल
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)
• Maharṣis (great seers)
• Brāhmaṇas
• Pārthivas (kings)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

When dharma is upheld in a public and royal setting, the wise and the righteous openly support and praise the protector of order; ethical authority is affirmed not by fear or faction, but by collective recognition from sages, Brahmins, and kings.

What is happening in the narrative?

After the decisive events in the assembly, groups of eminent sages, Brahmins, and powerful kings approach Keśava (Kṛṣṇa) with joy and offer praises, indicating approval and reverence for his role in restoring order.