Shloka 11

अध्याय १: महाप्रस्थानारम्भः

The Commencement of the Great Departure

Devanagari script

भ्रातृभि: सह धर्मात्मा कृत्वोदकमतन्द्रित: । भ्राद्धान्युद्दिश्य सर्वेषां चकार विधिवत्‌ तदा

Transliteration

bhrātṛbhiḥ saha dharmātmā kṛtvodakam atandritaḥ | bhrāddhāny uddiśya sarveṣāṃ cakāra vidhivat tadā ||

Translation

Bấy giờ, bậc có tâm hồn chính trực, cùng các em, không hề lơ là, đã cử hành lễ dâng nước; rồi hướng việc śrāddha đến tất cả, mà thực hiện các nghi thức đúng theo phép tắc.

Word by Word

• भ्रातृभिः: with (his) brothers
• भ्रातृभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रातृ
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• सह: together with
• सह: Karana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह

• धर्मात्मा: the righteous-souled one (Yudhiṣṭhira)
• धर्मात्मा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्मात्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कृत्वा: having done
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: क्त्वा, Parasmaipada (usage as absolutive), Absolutive (gerund)

• उदकम्: water (libation)
• उदकम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदक
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अतन्द्रितः: unwearied, diligent
• अतन्द्रितः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अतन्द्रित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• श्राद्धानि: śrāddha rites
• श्राद्धानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्राद्ध
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• उद्दिश्य: having dedicated/aimed (them) to
• Type: Verb
• Root: उद् + दिश्
• Form: ल्यप् (य), Absolutive (gerund)

• सर्वेषाम्: of all (of them)
• सर्वेषाम्: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• चकार: did, performed
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Liṭ (Perfect), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• विधिवत्: according to rule, duly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विधिवत्

• तदा: then
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• dharmātmā (the righteous one)
• bhrātṛ (brothers)
• udaka (water-offering rite)
• śrāddha (funerary/ancestral rite)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even at moments of transition and hardship, dharma is upheld through careful performance of prescribed duties—especially rites of remembrance and obligation—done attentively and according to proper procedure.

What is happening in the narrative?

The righteous leader, accompanied by his brothers, performs water-offerings and dedicates śrāddha rites on behalf of all concerned, completing the ceremonies in the correct ritual manner.