Shloka 46

Devanagari script

अभ्यद्रवत तान्‌ पार्थ: किरन्‌ शरशतान्‌ बहून्‌ हर्षयन्‌ पाण्डवान्‌ योधान्‌ भीमसेनपुरोगमान्‌

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | abhyadravat tān pārthaḥ kiran śaraśatān bahūn harṣayan pāṇḍavān yodhān bhīmasenapurogāmān |

Translation

Sañjaya nói: Rồi Pārtha (Arjuna) lao tới bọn địch ấy, trút xuống chúng hàng trăm mũi tên như mưa. Bằng uy lực ấy, chàng làm quân Pāṇḍava do Bhīmasena dẫn đầu thêm phấn chấn, và bắt đầu dồn ép quân của ngài phải lùi lại.

Word by Word

• अभ्यद्रवत्: rushed towards
• अभ्यद्रवत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-√द्रु (द्रवति)
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• तान्: those (men)
• तान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• पार्थः: Pārtha (Arjuna)
• पार्थः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• किरन्: scattering, showering
• किरन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कॄ (किरति)
• Form: Śatṛ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शरशतान्: hundreds of arrows
• शरशतान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर-शत
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• बहून्: many
• बहून्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• हर्षयन्: gladdening, delighting
• हर्षयन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: √हृष् (हर्षयति)
• Form: Śatṛ (present active participle, causative), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पाण्डवान्: the Pāṇḍavas
• पाण्डवान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• योधान्: warriors
• योधान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: योध
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• भीमसेनपुरोगमान्: having Bhīmasena in front (led by Bhīmasena)
• भीमसेनपुरोगमान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भीमसेन-पुरोगम
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Pārtha (Arjuna)
• Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
• Pāṇḍava warriors
• Kaurava troops (implied by 'your troops')
• arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

In a dharmic battle, a leader’s disciplined courage and skill are not merely personal feats; they sustain the morale and resolve of allies. The verse underscores kṣatriya-duty: to advance decisively, protect one’s side, and act with steadfastness under pressure.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Arjuna charges the opposing forces and rains down hundreds of arrows, thereby heartening the Pāṇḍava fighters—especially those led by Bhīma—and pushing back the Kaurava troops.