Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 9

राजन्‌! उस समय रणभूमि महावैतरणी नदीके समान अत्यन्त दुर्गम, बहुत ऊँची-नीची और भयंकर हो गयी थी, उसकी ओर देखना भी अत्यन्त कठिन जान पड़ता था ।।

rājan! tadā raṇabhūmir mahāvaitaraṇīnadīsadṛśī atyanta-durgamā bahv-unnatāvanatā ca bhīṣaṇābhavat; tām avalokitum api atyanta-kaṣṭaṃ pratibhāti sma. īṣācakrākṣabhagnaiś ca aśvaiḥ sāthraiś ca yudhyatām, sasūtair hatasūtaiś ca rathais tīrṇābhavan mahī.

Sañjaya nói: “Tâu Đại vương, khi ấy chiến địa giống như dòng Vaitaraṇī vĩ đại—khó bề vượt qua, gồ ghề lồi lõm và ghê rợn; đến nhìn vào cũng tưởng như không thể. Mặt đất bị phủ kín bởi những chiến xa—có chiếc gãy càng, vỡ bánh, nát trục—giữa tiếng va chạm của các dũng sĩ. Có chiến xa còn ngựa và người đánh xe sống sót, lại có chiến xa nằm đó với ngựa và xa phu đã bị giết.”

ईषाby/with pole-shafts (of chariots)
ईषा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootईषा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
चक्रby/with wheels
चक्र:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootचक्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
अक्षby/with axles
अक्ष:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअक्ष
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
भग्नैःbroken
भग्नैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootभग्न
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
व्यश्वैःdeprived of horses; horseless
व्यश्वैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-अश्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
साश्वैःwith horses
साश्वैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootस-अश्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
युध्यताम्of those fighting
युध्यताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada, Present participial/finite form used as genitive plural (of those fighting)
ससूतैःwith charioteers
ससूतैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootस-सूत
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
हतसूतैःwhose charioteers were slain
हतसूतैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootहत-सूत
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
रथैःby/with chariots
रथैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
तीर्णाcovered/overlaid (as if crossed/filled over)
तीर्णा:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतीर्ण
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अभवत्became
अभवत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
महीthe earth; the ground
मही:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमही
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed as rājan)
R
raṇabhūmi (battlefield)
M
Mahāvaitaraṇī / Vaitaraṇī river (simile)
R
ratha (chariots)
A
aśva (horses)
S
sūta (charioteers)
Ī
īṣā (chariot-shaft)
C
cakra (wheels)
A
akṣa (axles)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the moral and existential cost of war: the battlefield is likened to the fearsome Vaitaraṇī, suggesting that violence turns the world into a near-uncrossable realm of suffering where life, order, and human agency (chariots, horses, charioteers) are shattered.

Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the battlefield has become terrifying and uneven, strewn with wrecked chariots. He describes the broken parts—shafts, wheels, axles—and notes that some chariots still have living horses and drivers, while others lie with both slain.