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Shloka 63

तत्र युद्ध महच्चासीत्‌ क्रूरं विशसनं महत्‌ | तथैव पाण्डवा: शूरा धृष्टद्युम्मशिखण्डिनौ

tatra yuddha mahac cāsīt krūraṁ viśasanaṁ mahat | tathaiva pāṇḍavāḥ śūrā dhṛṣṭadyummāśikhaṇḍinau ||

Sañjaya nói: Ở đó bùng lên một trận chiến lớn—tàn khốc, hủy diệt dữ dội, một cuộc tàn sát khủng khiếp. Và ngay trên chiến địa ấy, các dũng sĩ Pāṇḍava cũng đứng vững, cùng với Dhṛṣṭadyumna và Śikhaṇḍin.

तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
FormAvyaya (locative adverb)
युद्धम्battle
युद्धम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, nominative, singular
महत्great
महत्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, nominative, singular (agreeing with युद्धम्)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormAvyaya
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd person, singular, Parasmaipada
क्रूरम्cruel
क्रूरम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रूर
FormNeuter, nominative, singular (agreeing with युद्धम्)
विशसनम्slaughter, killing
विशसनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविशसन
FormNeuter, nominative, singular (appositional to युद्धम्)
महत्great
महत्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, nominative, singular (agreeing with विशसनम्/युद्धम्)
तथाthus, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
FormAvyaya
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
FormAvyaya
पाण्डवाःthe Pandavas
पाण्डवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
शूराःheroic, brave
शूराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, nominative, plural (agreeing with पाण्डवाः)
धृष्टद्युम्नःDhrishtadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्नः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
शिखण्डीShikhandin
शिखण्डी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशिखण्डिन्
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
उभौboth
उभौ:
Karta
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootउभ
FormMasculine, nominative, dual (implied for the two named persons)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pāṇḍavas
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
Ś
Śikhaṇḍin
B
battlefield (Kurukṣetra implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the ethical gravity of war: even when fought by renowned heroes, battle becomes ‘cruel’ and ‘slaughterous.’ It frames the Kurukṣetra conflict as a domain where dharma is contested, and where the cost of violence remains stark despite claims of righteous cause.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that a massive, brutal engagement is underway. He notes that the Pāṇḍava side is present and formidable, specifically highlighting Dhṛṣṭadyumna and Śikhaṇḍin among their leading warriors.