Shloka 10

Devanagari script

शतानीको नाकुलि: कर्णपुत्रं युवा युवानं वृषसेनं शरौचै: । समार्पयत्‌ कर्णपुत्रश्न शूर: पाज्चालेयं शरवर्षैरनेकै:

Transliteration

Śatānīko Nākuliḥ Karṇaputraṁ yuvā yuvānaṁ Vṛṣasenaṁ śaraughaiḥ | samārpayat Karṇaputraś ca śūraḥ Pāñcāleyaṁ śaravarṣair anekaiḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya nói: Chàng trai Śatānīka, con của Nakula, bắn dồn dập những loạt tên vào Vṛṣasena trẻ tuổi, con trai của Karṇa. Và người con anh dũng của Karṇa cũng đáp trả, trút xuống vị hoàng tử Pāñcāla những cơn mưa mũi nhọn. Thế là giữa sức ép chiến trường, mỗi người lấy cùng một quyết tâm mà trả đòn cho đối phương, phô bày đạo lý Kṣatriya: lấy lực đối lực, không chịu lùi bước trước hiểm nguy.

Word by Word

• शतानीकः: Śatānīka (a warrior/son of Nakula)
• शतानीकः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शतानीक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• नाकुलिः: descendant/son of Nakula
• नाकुलिः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नाकुलि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कर्णपुत्रम्: Karna’s son
• कर्णपुत्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्णपुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• युवा: young (man)
• युवा: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युवा
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• युवानम्: young (man) (acc.)
• युवानम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युवान्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• वृषसेनम्: Vṛṣasena
• वृषसेनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृषसेन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• शरौघैः: with masses/streams of arrows
• शरौघैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरौघ
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• समार्पयत्: delivered/handed over; struck down (contextually: brought under attack)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-√अर्प्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular

• कर्णपुत्रः: Karna’s son (Vṛṣasena)
• कर्णपुत्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्णपुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• शूरः: the hero/brave one
• शूरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शूर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पाञ्चालेयम्: the Pāñcāla prince (Dhrṣṭadyumna/one of the Pāñcālas, context-dependent)
• पाञ्चालेयम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाञ्चालेय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• शरवर्षैः: with showers of arrows
• शरवर्षैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरवर्ष
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• अनेकैः: many
• अनेकैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनेक
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Śatānīka (son of Nakula)
• Nakula
• Vṛṣasena (son of Karṇa)
• Karṇa
• Pāñcāla (Pāñcāla prince/warrior)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights Kṣatriya-dharma in its battlefield form: courage, steadfastness, and the principle of answering an opponent’s assault without retreat. Ethically, it portrays reciprocal engagement—each warrior meets the other directly, demonstrating resolve and martial responsibility.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes a duel-like exchange: Śatānīka (Nakula’s son) attacks Vṛṣasena (Karṇa’s son) with volleys of arrows, and Vṛṣasena retaliates by striking a Pāñcāla prince with repeated showers of arrows, intensifying the clash among allied champions.