Shloka 80

Devanagari script

ततश्शकछिन्नायुधं तेन रणे पजच महारथा:

Transliteration

tataḥ śakra-chinnāyudhaṃ tena raṇe pañca mahārathāḥ

Translation

Sañjaya nói: Rồi trên chiến địa ấy, năm vị đại xa chiến binh đã bị ông làm cho vũ khí gãy nát, chỉ còn lại những mảnh vụn trong tay. Đó là hình ảnh của sức mạnh võ trận áp đảo, cho thấy trong chiến tranh, tài nghệ có thể bất thần tước đoạt phương tiện kháng cự của cả những kẻ hùng cường.

Word by Word

• ततः: then/thereupon
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः
• Form: Avyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from/then')

• शक-छिन्न-आयुधम्: having weapons cut off by (his) शक्ति
• शक-छिन्न-आयुधम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शकछिन्नायुध
• Form: Neuter, accusative, singular

• तेन: by him/with that
• तेन: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, instrumental, singular

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: Masculine, locative, singular

• पञ्च: five
• पञ्च: Visheshana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पञ्च
• Form: Numeral (indeclinable)

• महारथाः: great chariot-warriors
• महारथाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारथ
• Form: Masculine, nominative, plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Indra (Śakra)
• five mahārathas
• weapons (āyudha)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the fragility of power in warfare: even the foremost warriors can be rendered helpless when their weapons are broken. Ethically, it points to the harsh reality that martial excellence and the momentum of battle can overturn status and strength in an instant.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that, in the ongoing combat, a single dominant fighter (referred to by ‘tena’, “by him”) has broken or severed the weapons of five elite chariot-warriors, leaving them effectively disarmed amid the fight.