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Shloka 52

अध्याय ६० — कर्णस्य पाञ्चाल-सोमक-निग्रहः

Karna’s Suppression of the Panchala–Somaka Forces

भीमसेनं तव सुतो वारयामास संयुगे | तं तु भीमो मुहूर्तेन व्यश्वसूतरथध्वजम्‌

sañjaya uvāca | bhīmasenaṃ tava suto vārayāmāsa saṃyuge | taṃ tu bhīmo muhūrtena vyaśvasūtarathadhvajam cakre | lokeśvaraṃ tatra tenātuṣyanta vai janāḥ |

Sañjaya thưa: Giữa trận tiền, con trai bệ hạ tìm cách ngăn Bhīmasena. Nhưng chỉ trong chốc lát, Bhīma đã tước khỏi Duryodhana—kẻ được xem là chúa tể của đám đông nơi ấy—ngựa, xa phu, chiến xa và cả cờ hiệu. Thấy vị vua kiêu mạn bị hạ nhục như vậy, người đứng xem đều hả dạ, vì đó là khoảnh khắc sức mạnh thắng thế trước ngạo khí trên chiến trường.

भीमसेनम्Bhimasena
भीमसेनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभीमसेन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तवof you/your
तव:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
सुतःson
सुतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वारयामासchecked/stopped
वारयामास:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (वारयति)
FormPerfect (Periphrastic), Third, Singular
संयुगेin battle
संयुगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंयुग
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
भीमःBhima
भीमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मुहूर्तेनin a short time/within a muhurta
मुहूर्तेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमुहूर्त
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
व्यश्वसूतरथध्वजम्deprived of horses, charioteer, chariot and banner
व्यश्वसूतरथध्वजम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअश्व+सूत+रथ+ध्वज (विहीन)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
चक्रेmade/did
चक्रे:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
लोकेश्वरम्lord of the world (here: Duryodhana, as king)
लोकेश्वरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोक+ईश्वर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
तेनby that/thereby
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अतुष्यन्तwere pleased/rejoiced
अतुष्यन्त:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootतुष्
FormImperfect, Third, Plural
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
जनाःpeople
जनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
Duryodhana
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
B
battlefield (saṃyuga)
H
horses (aśvāḥ)
C
charioteer (sūta)
C
chariot (ratha)
B
banner/standard (dhvaja)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how battlefield success can swiftly overturn royal pride: even a powerful king can be reduced to vulnerability in moments. It also shows how public sentiment in war often follows visible signs of dominance—such as disabling an opponent’s chariot—rather than deeper ethical reflection.

Duryodhana confronts and attempts to stop Bhīma in combat. Bhīma quickly disables Duryodhana’s chariot setup—horses, charioteer, chariot, and banner—leaving him effectively chariotless. Observers rejoice at this reversal.