Shloka 45

अध्याय ६० — कर्णस्य पाञ्चाल-सोमक-निग्रहः

Karna’s Suppression of the Panchala–Somaka Forces

Devanagari script

प्रजानाथ! तदनन्तर पिताको आनन्द देनेवाला उलूक उस रथसे कूदकर तुरंत ही त्रिगर्तोकी सेनामें चला गया ।।

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | sātyakiḥ śakuniṃ viddhvā viṃśatyā niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ | dhvajaṃ ciccheda bhallena saubalasya hasann iva ||

Translation

Sañjaya nói: Sau đó Ulūka, kẻ làm vui lòng phụ thân, nhảy khỏi chiến xa và lập tức chạy vào quân Trigarta. Còn Sātyaki bắn Shakuni bằng hai mươi mũi tên sắc như dao, khiến hắn bị thương; rồi như thể mỉm cười đầy khinh bạc tự tin, ông dùng một mũi tên đầu rộng chém đứt lá cờ của Saubala (Shakuni)—một đòn không chỉ nhằm vào thân xác mà còn để bẻ gãy sĩ khí và tuyên bố ưu thế giữa cơn hỗn loạn của chiến tranh.

Word by Word

• सात्यकि: Sātyaki
• सात्यकि: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सात्यकि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शकुनिम्: Śakuni
• शकुनिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शकुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• विद्ध्वा: having pierced/wounded
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (धातु, 6P) / व्यध् (अर्थे: वेधने) (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active, Prior action

• विंशत्या: with twenty
• विंशत्या: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विंशति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• निशितैः: sharp
• निशितैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निशित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• शरैः: arrows
• शरैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• ध्वजम्: banner/standard
• ध्वजम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ध्वज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• चिच्छेद: cut (off)
• Type: Verb
• Root: छिद् (धातु, 7P)
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Active

• भल्लेन: with a bhalla-arrow
• भल्लेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भल्ल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• सौबलस्य: of Saubala (son of Subala)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सौबल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• हसन्: laughing
• Type: Verb
• Root: हस् (धातु, 1P) (कृदन्त)
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• इव: as if
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Satyaki
• Shakuni
• Subala (implied by 'Saubala')
• Dhvaja (banner/standard)
• Bhalla (broad-headed arrow)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even in warfare, victory is pursued not only through physical harm but also through symbolic and psychological means; severing an enemy’s banner attacks honor and morale, showing how power operates through signs as well as force—raising ethical reflection on pride, intimidation, and the conduct of kṣatriya battle.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sanjaya narrates that Satyaki wounds Shakuni with twenty sharp arrows and then cuts down Shakuni’s banner with a bhalla, as if smiling—signaling dominance and attempting to demoralize the opposing side.