Shloka 66

कृष्णोपदेशः, अर्जुनस्य क्षमा-याचनम्, कर्णवध-अनुज्ञा

Krishna’s Counsel, Arjuna’s Apology, and Authorization for Karṇa’s Slaying

Devanagari script

नैव सूर्यप्रभा राजन्‌ न दिश: प्रदिशस्तथा

Transliteration

naiva sūryaprabhā rājan na diśaḥ pradiśas tathā

Translation

Sañjaya nói: “Tâu Đại vương, ánh sáng mặt trời cũng chẳng còn hiện ra, mà các phương hướng và phương phụ cũng không còn lộ rõ như trước.”

Word by Word

• na: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na

• eva: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva

• sūrya-prabhā: sunlight; radiance of the sun
• sūrya-prabhā: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: sūrya-prabhā
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• rājan: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• na: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na

• diśaḥ: directions/quarters
• diśaḥ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: diś
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

• pradiśaḥ: intermediate directions/sub-quarters
• pradiśaḥ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: pradiś
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

• tathā: thus/so; likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
• Sun
• Directions (diśaḥ, pradiśaḥ)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

When violence and adharma intensify, clarity—symbolized by sunlight and stable directions—seems to vanish; the verse frames moral and psychological disorientation as a cosmic sign of disorder.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the battlefield is engulfed in an unnatural gloom: sunlight is absent and even the sense of direction is lost, indicating a fearful, ominous turn in the fighting.