Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 50

कृष्णोपदेशः, अर्जुनस्य क्षमा-याचनम्, कर्णवध-अनुज्ञा

Krishna’s Counsel, Arjuna’s Apology, and Authorization for Karṇa’s Slaying

तथा रथशतं साग्रं पत्ती क्ष शतशो5परान्‌ । न्यहनत्‌ पाण्डवो युद्धे तापयंस्तव वाहिनीम्‌

tathā rathaśataṃ sāgraṃ pattīkṣaśataśo 'parān | nyahanat pāṇḍavo yuddhe tāpayans tava vāhinīm ||

Sañjaya nói: “Cũng như thế, vị Pāṇḍava đã đánh gục trong trận chiến tròn một trăm cỗ chiến xa, cùng hàng trăm bộ binh và voi nữa, khiến quân đội của ngài bị thiêu đốt bởi sức ép không ngừng.”

तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
रथशतम्a hundred chariots
रथशतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथशत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
साग्रम्with an excess (over and above)
साग्रम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसाग्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पत्तीन्foot-soldiers
पत्तीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपत्ति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शतशःby hundreds, in hundreds
शतशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशतशस्
अपरान्others, additional (ones)
अपरान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
न्यहनत्struck down, slew
न्यहनत्:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular
पाण्डवःthe Pandava (son of Pandu)
पाण्डवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
युद्धेin battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तापयन्afflicting, tormenting
तापयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootतप्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
तवyour
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
वाहिनीम्army, host
वाहिनीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाहिनी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pāṇḍava
C
chariots (ratha)
I
infantry (pattī)
E
elephants (kṣa)
K
Kaurava army (tava vāhinī)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the battlefield ethic of sustained pressure and decisive action in kṣatriya warfare: a warrior’s prowess is measured by the ability to break enemy formations and morale, even as the narration implicitly highlights the tragic cost of such duty-driven violence.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that a Pāṇḍava warrior is cutting down large numbers of Kaurava forces—chariots, infantry, and elephants—so effectively that the Kaurava host is described as being ‘scorched’ (tāpayān), i.e., severely harried and shaken.