Shloka 78

युधिष्ठिरस्य धनंजय-प्रति गर्हा

Yudhiṣṭhira’s Reproach to Dhanaṃjaya

Devanagari script

रथिनो रथिश्रि: सार्ध चित्र युयुधुराहवे

Transliteration

rathino rathiśriḥ sārdha citra yuyudhur āhave

Translation

Sañjaya nói: Các chiến xa binh, cùng với vị dũng tướng chiến xa lừng danh, lao vào cuộc giao tranh dữ dội và muôn vẻ trên chiến địa—một hình ảnh của đà cuốn tập thể của chiến tranh, nơi tài nghệ và liên minh xô đẩy con người vào hiểm nguy, bất chấp sức nặng đạo lý của việc tàn sát.

Word by Word

• रथिनः: chariot-warriors
• रथिनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• रथिश्रियः: the splendors/glories of chariot-warriors
• रथिश्रियः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथि-श्री
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

• सार्धम्: together (with)
• सार्धम्: Karana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सार्धम्

• चित्राः: variegated, splendid, remarkable
• चित्राः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चित्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• युयुधुः: fought
• युयुधुः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: युध्
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural

• आहवे: in battle
• आहवे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आहव
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• rathinaḥ (chariot-warriors)
• rathiśrīḥ (an eminent chariot-warrior, unspecified in this fragment)
• ratha (chariot, implied)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores how war gathers individuals into collective violence: renowned leaders and ordinary chariot-fighters alike are swept into combat. It invites reflection on kṣatriya valor and alliance, while implicitly highlighting the ethical gravity of battle where glory and destruction coexist.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that the chariot-warriors, along with a particularly eminent chariot-fighter, fought together in the battle. The phrasing emphasizes the intensity and ‘variegated’ nature of the clash—many fighters and many forms of engagement occurring at once.