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Shloka 12

Karṇa-parva Adhyāya 20 — Yudhiṣṭhira–Duryodhana Encounter and Escalation of Arms

गदा: प्रासाञ्छितान्‌ कुन्तान्‌ भिन्दिपालान्‌ महाड्ः कुशान्‌ | प्रगृह्य क्षिप्रमापेतु: परस्परजिघांसया

sañjaya uvāca |

gadāḥ prāsāñ chitān kuntān bhindipālān mahāṅkuśān |

pragṛhya kṣipram āpetuḥ parasparajighāṃsayā ||

Sañjaya nói: Nắm lấy chùy, lao, những mũi phi tiêu sắc, bhindipāla và những cây móc sắt lớn, chiến binh của cả hai đạo quân vội vã xông lên, bị thúc bởi ý muốn giết lẫn nhau. Câu kệ này phơi bày sự sụp đổ đạo lý nơi chiến địa, khi jighāṃsā—“ý muốn sát hại”—trở thành động cơ tức thời, lấn át tự chế và minh triết.

गदाःmaces
गदाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगदा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
प्रासान्spears
प्रासान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रास
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
छितान्sharp/pointed
छितान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootछित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कुन्तान्javelins/lances
कुन्तान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकुन्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
भिन्दिपालान्bhindipālas (a kind of missile/weapon)
भिन्दिपालान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभिन्दिपाल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
महान्great/large
महान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अङ्कुशान्goads/hooks
अङ्कुशान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअङ्कुश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्रगृह्यhaving seized/taken up
प्रगृह्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + ग्रह्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
क्षिप्रम्quickly
क्षिप्रम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्षिप्र
आपेतुःthey rushed/fell upon (advanced)
आपेतुः:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + पत्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural
परस्परmutually/each other
परस्पर:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरस्पर
जिघांसयाwith the desire to kill
जिघांसया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootजिघांसा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
G
gadā (mace)
P
prāsa (spear)
K
kunta (javelin)
B
bhindipāla
A
aṅkuśa (goad/hook)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how intention drives action: when the mind is set on mutual killing (parasparajighāṃsā), the battlefield becomes a space where ethical restraint is overwhelmed by reciprocal hostility—an implicit warning about how desire and hatred can eclipse dharmic discernment even among disciplined warriors.

Sañjaya describes both armies surging into close combat, taking up heavy hand-weapons and missiles—maces, spears, javelins, bhindipālas, and large hooks—then rushing forward swiftly to strike each other down.