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Shloka 11

Adhyāya 17 — गजयुद्ध-वृत्तान्तः, सहदेव-दुःशासन-संघर्षः, नकुल-कर्ण-समागमः

Elephant-battle account; Sahadeva–Duhshasana clash; Nakula–Karna encounter

ततोडस्य पार्थ: सगुणेषुकार्मुकं चकर्त भल्लैर्ध्वजमप्यलंकृतम्‌ । पुनर्नियन्तृन्‌ सह पादगोप्तृ- सतत: स चुक्रोध गिरिव्रजेश्वर:

tato ’sya pārthaḥ sa-guṇeṣu kārmukaṃ cakarta bhallair dhvajam apy alaṅkṛtam | punar niyantṝn saha pāda-goptṛ-s tataḥ sa cukrodha girivrajeśvaraḥ ||

Sañjaya nói: Khi ấy Pārtha (Arjuna) dùng những mũi tên bhalla sắc bén chém nát cây cung cùng dây cung của đối thủ, lại quật đổ cả lá cờ trang sức lộng lẫy. Kế đó chàng giết luôn những người điều khiển voi (mahout) cùng đội bộ binh hộ vệ quanh họ. Bởi vậy, chúa tể Girivraja, kẻ cầm vũ khí như cây trượng, bùng lên cơn thịnh nộ dữ dội—cơn giận dâng trào vì choáng váng khi thấy chiến kỳ và những kẻ bảo hộ của mình bị tiêu diệt giữa trận tiền.

ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
अस्यof him/of this (one)
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
पार्थःPārtha (Arjuna)
पार्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सगुणेषुin/at the bow-strings (lit. in the strings with qualities; here 'strings')
सगुणेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसगुण
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
कार्मुकम्bow
कार्मुकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकार्मुक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चकर्तcut/broke
चकर्त:
TypeVerb
Rootकृत्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular
भल्लैःwith sharp arrows (bhallas)
भल्लैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभल्ल
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
ध्वजम्banner/standard
ध्वजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootध्वज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अलंकृतम्adorned/decorated
अलंकृतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअलंकृत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
नियन्तॄन्drivers/handlers (controllers)
नियन्तॄन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनियन्तृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
पादगोप्तृभिःwith the foot-guards (protectors of the feet)
पादगोप्तृभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपादगोप्तृ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सततःcontinually/constantly
सततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसतत
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चुक्रोधbecame angry
चुक्रोध:
TypeVerb
Rootक्रुध्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular
गिरिव्रजेश्वरःlord of Girivraja (Magadha king)
गिरिव्रजेश्वरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगिरिव्रजेश्वर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pārtha (Arjuna)
G
Girivrajeśvara (lord of Girivraja/Magadha)
B
bow (kārmuka)
B
bowstring (guṇa)
B
bhalla-arrows
B
banner/standard (dhvaja)
D
drivers/mahouts (niyantṛ)
F
foot-guards (pāda-goptṛ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how, in war, striking an opponent’s weapons, banner, and protective retinue is not merely physical damage but an assault on morale and honor—often provoking anger. Ethically, it points to the need for inner restraint: battlefield success can inflame passions, and unchecked wrath becomes a secondary enemy.

Arjuna uses bhalla-arrows to sever the opponent’s strung bow and to cut down the decorated banner, then kills the drivers (mahouts) and the foot-guards. Seeing these losses, the ruler titled ‘lord of Girivraja’ becomes intensely enraged.