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Shloka 27

Adhyāya 10: Śrutakarmā’s Engagements; Prativindhya–Citra Duel; Drauṇi Advances toward Bhīma

न्यस्तशस्त्रे च भवति हतो भीष्म: पितामह: । शिखण्डिनं पुरस्कृत्य फाल्गुनेन महाहवे,“उन दिनों तुमने हथियार रख दिया था; इसलिये महासमरमें अर्जुनने शिखण्डीको आगे करके पितामह भीष्मको मार डाला था

nyastaśastre ca bhavati hato bhīṣmaḥ pitāmahaḥ | śikhaṇḍinaṃ puraskṛtya phālgunena mahāhave ||

Sañjaya nói: “Khi đã hạ vũ khí, bậc tổ phụ Bhīṣma bị đánh gục trong đại chiến ấy—Arjuna (Phālguna) đặt Śikhaṇḍin đứng phía trước. Sự việc ấy phơi bày nỗi căng thẳng bi thương của chiến tranh trước dharma: một bậc trưởng thượng đáng tôn kính không chỉ bị khuất phục bởi sức mạnh, mà còn bởi thế trận được định hình bởi lời thệ, thân phận, và những ràng buộc của đạo lý nơi chiến địa.”

न्यस्त-शस्त्रेwhen (he) had laid down weapons / being weapon-laid-down
न्यस्त-शस्त्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootन्यस्तशस्त्र
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भवतिis/occurs
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
हतःslain
हतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootहन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पितामहःthe grandsire
पितामहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शिखण्डिनम्Shikhandin
शिखण्डिनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशिखण्डिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुरस्कृत्यhaving placed in front / having put forward
पुरस्कृत्य:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरस्-कृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
फाल्गुनेनby Phalguna (Arjuna)
फाल्गुनेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootफाल्गुन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
महाहवेin the great battle
महाहवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहाहव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīṣma
A
Arjuna (Phālguna)
Ś
Śikhaṇḍin
W
weapons (śastra)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical complexity of dharma in war: even a righteous and revered elder like Bhīṣma can be brought down through a strategy that exploits his vows and moral constraints. It invites reflection on how duty, vows, and battlefield necessity can collide, producing outcomes that are tactically effective yet morally fraught.

Sañjaya recalls the moment Bhīṣma was felled: Arjuna advances with Śikhaṇḍin placed before him, and Bhīṣma—constrained by his stance toward Śikhaṇḍin and effectively disarmed/with weapons lowered—becomes vulnerable and is struck down in the great battle.