Shloka 9

कर्णसेनापत्यारम्भः — Karṇa’s Appointment and the Report to Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Chapter 1

Devanagari script

ततः प्रभाते विमले स्थिता दिष्टस्य शासने । चक्कुरावश्यकं सर्वे विधिदृष्टेन कर्मणा,तदनन्तर निर्मल प्रभातकाल आनेपर दैवके अधीन हुए समस्त कौरवोंने शास्त्रोक्त विधिके अनुसार शौच, स्नान, संध्या-वन्दन आदि आवश्यक कार्य पूर्ण किया

Transliteration

tataḥ prabhāte vimale sthitā diṣṭasya śāsane | cakruḥ āvaśyakaṃ sarve vidhidṛṣṭena karmaṇā ||

Translation

Rồi khi bình minh trong sạch và quang đãng ló rạng, tất cả bọn họ—thuận theo mệnh lệnh của định mệnh—đều làm trọn các bổn phận thường nhật theo nghi thức thánh điển: tẩy uế, tắm gội, và lễ bái Sandhyā (tụng niệm lúc giao thời) cùng những việc cần thiết khác.

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात्)

• प्रभाते: in the morning
• प्रभाते: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• विमले: pure, clear
• विमले: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विमल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• स्थिताः: having stood / being situated
• स्थिताः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु) → स्थित (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• दिष्टस्य: of destiny / of what is ordained
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• शासने: under the rule/command
• शासने: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शासन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• चक्रुः: they did / performed
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural

• आवश्यकम्: necessary (duty/act)
• आवश्यकम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आवश्यक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• विधि-दृष्टेन: as seen/ordained by rule (scriptural injunction)
• विधि-दृष्टेन: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विधिदृष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• कर्मणा: by (the) act/rite
• कर्मणा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Kauravas (implied by context: 'sarve' in the Gita Press gloss)
• Destiny/Providence (diṣṭa)
• Ritual duties (śauca, snāna, sandhyā-vandana—implied by the gloss)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights steadfastness in dharma: even amid impending conflict, one should not abandon obligatory disciplines. It also frames human action as occurring under the larger ordinance of destiny, yet expressed through proper, rule-governed conduct.

What is happening in the narrative?

At a clear dawn, the group (understood as the Kaurava side in the surrounding context) completes necessary morning observances—purification, bathing, and twilight worship—according to scriptural procedure, before proceeding with the day’s martial events.