Shloka 10

कर्णसेनापत्यारम्भः — Karṇa’s Appointment and the Report to Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Chapter 1

Devanagari script

ते कृत्वावश्यकार्याणि समाश्व॒स्य च भारत । योगमाज्ञापयामासुर्युद्धाय च विनिर्ययु:

Transliteration

te kṛtvāvaśyakāryāṇi samāśvasya ca bhārata | yogam ājñāpayāmāsur yuddhāya ca viniryayuḥ ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana nói: Sau khi đã hoàn tất những bổn phận cần thiết và trấn an phe mình, hỡi Bhārata, họ truyền lệnh bày trận, rồi tiến quân ra chiến địa.

Word by Word

तेthey

कृत्वाhaving done

अवश्यकार्याणिnecessary duties/tasks

समाश्वस्यhaving consoled/encouraged (having reassured)

चand

भारतO Bharata

योगम्battle-array/formation (arrangement)

आज्ञापयामासुःthey ordered/commanded

युद्धायfor battle

चand

विनिर्ययुःthey went forth/advanced

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vaiśampāyana

Bhārata (address to Janamejaya)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Before engaging in conflict, leaders should first complete obligatory responsibilities and stabilize morale; only then should they proceed with strategic organization. The verse highlights disciplined preparation and ethical seriousness even amid war.

What is happening in the narrative?

After finishing required arrangements and encouraging their forces, the commanders order the formation of the battle array (vyūha) and then advance to the battlefield.