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Shloka 28

Dhṛtarāṣṭra–Sañjaya-saṃvādaḥ; madhyāhna-saṅgrāma-pravṛttiḥ

Dhritarashtra–Sanjaya dialogue and the midday battle escalation

अश्वत्थामा ततः क्रुद्धो निमेषार्धाच्छिखण्डिन: । ध्वजं सूतमथो राजंस्तुरगानायुधानि च

aśvatthāmā tataḥ kruddho nimeṣārdhāc chikhaṇḍinaḥ | dhvajaṃ sūtam atho rājan turagān āyudhāni ca

Sañjaya nói: Rồi Aśvatthāman, bừng bừng phẫn nộ, chỉ trong chưa đầy nửa cái chớp mắt đã đánh gục cờ hiệu của Śikhaṇḍin, người đánh xe của chàng, và—tâu Đại vương—cả ngựa lẫn vũ khí nữa. Câu kệ nêu bật tốc độ tàn nhẫn và sự triệt để của cơn giận nơi chiến trận: không chỉ nhằm làm đối thủ bị thương, mà còn phá sập mọi chỗ dựa giúp hắn tiếp tục giao chiến.

अश्वत्थामाAshvatthaman
अश्वत्थामा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्वत्थामन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
क्रुद्धःangry
क्रुद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निमेषार्धात्within half a blink (of an eye)
निमेषार्धात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootनिमेषार्ध
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
शिखण्डिनःof Shikhandin
शिखण्डिनः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशिखण्डिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
ध्वजम्banner/standard
ध्वजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootध्वज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सूतम्charioteer
सूतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अथand then/also
अथ:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तुरगान्horses
तुरगान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतुरग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
आयुधानिweapons
आयुधानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआयुध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
and
:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Root

संजय उवाच

A
Aśvatthāmā
Ś
Śikhaṇḍin
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed as rājan)
D
dhvaja (banner/standard)
S
sūta (charioteer)
T
turaga (horses)
Ā
āyudha (weapons)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how anger (krodha) in war drives swift, comprehensive destruction—targeting not only the opponent but also the enabling supports (banner, charioteer, horses, weapons). Ethically, it points to the peril of wrath: it accelerates action and amplifies harm, challenging the restraint expected even within kṣatriya-dharma.

Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Aśvatthāmā, enraged, rapidly disables Śikhaṇḍin’s fighting capacity by striking down his chariot’s banner, his charioteer, his horses, and his weapons—an instantaneous battlefield dismantling of the opponent’s chariot-unit.