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Shloka 60

अध्याय ८० — मध्यंदिन-रणवृत्तान्तः

Yudhiṣṭhira–Śrutāyu encounter; Cekitāna–Gautama clash; Abhimanyu pressure; Arjuna’s redeployment

तान्‌ प्रयातान्‌ महेष्वासानभिमन्युपुरोगमान्‌ | भीमसेन भयाविष्टा धृष्टद्युम्नविमोहिता

sañjaya uvāca | tān prayātān maheṣvāsān abhimanyupurogāmān | bhīmasena-bhayāviṣṭā dhṛṣṭadyumna-vimohitā ||

Sañjaya nói: Khi những cung thủ vĩ đại ấy tiến lên, lấy Abhimanyu làm mũi nhọn, thì quân đội của ngài, hỡi bậc chúa tể loài người, bị nỗi sợ Bhīmasena chiếm giữ và rối loạn bởi những mũi tên của Dhṛṣṭadyumna. Vì thế, họ không thể ngăn nổi các dũng sĩ đang ập tới do Abhimanyu dẫn đầu; như một người đàn bà say men và chìm trong cơn mê, họ lặng câm đứng chắn giữa đường, bất lực không hành động.

तान्them
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्रयातान्having advanced / marching forth
प्रयातान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-या
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)
महेष्वासान्great bowmen
महेष्वासान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहेष्वास
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अभिमन्युAbhimanyu
अभिमन्यु:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअभिमन्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुरोगमान्going in front / led by (as vanguard)
पुरोगमान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरोगम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural, शतृ (present active participle)
भीमसेनby Bhimasena
भीमसेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभीमसेन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
भयाविष्टाःseized by fear
भयाविष्टाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभय-आविष्ट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)
धृष्टद्युम्नby Dhrishtadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्न:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
विमोहिताःbewildered / deluded
विमोहिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-मुह्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)
जन-ईश्वरO lord of men
जन-ईश्वर:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजनईश्वर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Abhimanyu
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
K
Kaurava army (implied as 'your army')

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how fear and mental confusion can paralyze even a large force: when courage and clarity collapse, numerical strength becomes ineffective. In a dharmic-war context, steadiness (dhairya) and disciplined leadership are essential to fulfill kṣatriya duty.

Sañjaya reports to the king that Abhimanyu and other great archers are advancing. The Kaurava troops are terrified by Bhīma and disoriented by Dhṛṣṭadyumna’s attack, so they fail to stop the assault and stand inert, unable to respond effectively.