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Shloka 58

अध्याय ८० — मध्यंदिन-रणवृत्तान्तः

Yudhiṣṭhira–Śrutāyu encounter; Cekitāna–Gautama clash; Abhimanyu pressure; Arjuna’s redeployment

केकया द्रौपदेयाश्न धृष्टकेतुश्न वीर्यवान्‌ | अभिमन्युं पुरस्कृत्य महत्या सेनयावृता:

sañjaya uvāca | kekayā draupadeyāś ca dhṛṣṭaketuś ca vīryavān | abhimanyum puraskṛtya mahatyā senayāvṛtāḥ |

Sañjaya nói: Các hoàng tử Kekaya, năm người con của Draupadī, và dũng tướng Dhṛṣṭaketu—đặt Abhimanyu ở vị trí tiên phong, lại được một đại quân bao bọc—bày trận hình mang tên Sūcīmukha (“mũi kim”), rồi bắt đầu đâm xuyên và xé toạc đạo quân của các con ngài trên chiến địa.

केकयाःthe Kekayas (Kekaya princes/warriors)
केकयाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकेकय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
द्रौपदेयाःthe sons of Draupadī
द्रौपदेयाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रौपदेय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
धृष्टकेतुःDhṛṣṭaketu
धृष्टकेतुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृष्टकेतु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वीर्यवान्valorous, mighty
वीर्यवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवीर्यवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभिमन्युम्Abhimanyu
अभिमन्युम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअभिमन्यु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुरस्कृत्यhaving placed in front / having put forward
पुरस्कृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootपुरस्-कृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active, non-finite
महत्याby/with a great
महत्या:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
सेनयाarmy
सेनया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसेना
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
आवृताःsurrounded/covered
आवृताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-वृ
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kekaya princes
D
Draupadeyas (sons of Draupadī)
D
Dhṛṣṭaketu
A
Abhimanyu
K
Kaurava army (your sons’ army)
S
Sūcīmukha-vyūha
B
Battlefield (raṇakṣetra)

Educational Q&A

Even within the harsh necessity of war, effectiveness depends on disciplined coordination, clear leadership, and purposeful action. The verse also implicitly underscores the ethical weight of conflict: valor and strategy are powerful, but they unfold within a tragic struggle among kin, where dharma is tested by circumstance.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Abhimanyu is placed at the forefront by allied warriors—the Kekaya princes, the Draupadeyas, and Dhṛṣṭaketu. Together they arrange themselves in the Sūcīmukha (“needle-point”) formation and begin to break into and split the Kaurava forces on the battlefield.