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Shloka 27

गौरुडव्यूह-रचना तथा अर्धचन्द्र-प्रत्यव्यूह

Garuḍa Array and the Ardhacandra Counter-Formation

श्वेत: कुरूणामकरोत्‌ क्षयं तस्मिन्‌ महाहवे

sañjaya uvāca |

śvetaḥ kurūṇām akarot kṣayaṃ tasmin mahāhave |

jighāṃsantaṃ yudhāṃ śreṣṭha tadā āsīt tumulaṃ mahat ||

Sañjaya thưa: “Trong đại chiến ấy, Śveta đã gây nên sự tàn phá ghê gớm giữa quân Kuru. Rồi khi Bhīṣma—bậc nhất trong hàng chiến sĩ—nhắm giết chàng, cuộc giao tranh phình to thành một trận chiến mênh mông, cuồng loạn: một bên quyết bảo vệ một dũng tướng, bên kia quyết chém hạ chàng.”

श्वेतःŚveta (proper name)
श्वेतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्वेत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कुरूणाम्of the Kurus
कुरूणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अकरोत्made, caused
अकरोत्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular
क्षयम्destruction, slaughter
क्षयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्षय (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तस्मिन्in that
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
महाहवेin the great battle
महाहवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहाहव (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
जिघांसन्तम्wishing to kill
जिघांसन्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootजिघांसत् (कृदन्त; desiderative participle from हन्)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
युधाम्of battles / of fighters
युधाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुध् (प्रातिपदिक; f.)
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
श्रेष्ठम्the best, foremost
श्रेष्ठम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
आसीत्was, arose
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular
तुमुलम्tumultuous, fierce
तुमुलम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतुमुल (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
महत्great
महत्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Ś
Śveta
K
Kurus
B
Bhīṣma
M
mahāhava (great battle)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a recurring ethical tension in war: loyalty and protection of one’s champion provoke counter-violence, rapidly intensifying conflict. It reflects the kṣatriya world where duty to defend allies and the resolve to neutralize a dangerous foe drive the battle’s momentum.

Śveta is inflicting heavy losses on the Kuru forces. In response, Bhīṣma—described as the foremost warrior—moves with the intent to kill Śveta, and this confrontation triggers a massive, chaotic engagement.