Shloka 120
गौरुडव्यूह-रचना तथा अर्धचन्द्र-प्रत्यव्यूह
Garuḍa Array and the Ardhacandra Counter-Formation
Devanagari script
अवहारं शनैश्षक्रुर्निहते वाहिनीपतौ । ततो<वहार: सैन्यानां तव तेषां च भारत
Translation
Sañjaya nói: Khi vị thống soái của đạo quân bị giết, họ bắt đầu rút lui dần dần. Rồi, hỡi Bhārata, cả quân của bệ hạ và quân của họ cũng rút lui như thế.
Word by Word
अवहारम्withdrawal, retreat
अवहारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअवहार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
शनैःslowly, gradually
शनैः:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशनैः
चक्रुःthey made/did
चक्रुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
निहतेwhen (he) was slain
निहते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-हन्
FormPast passive participle (kta), Masculine, Locative, Singular
वाहिनीपतौin the commander of the army
वाहिनीपतौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवाहिनीपति
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
अवहारःwithdrawal, retreat
अवहारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअवहार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सैन्यानाम्of the armies/soldiers
सैन्यानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
तवof you/your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
तेषाम्of them (those)
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormGenitive, Plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes